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Mechanisms of Neurosyphilis-Induced Dementia: Insights into Pathophysiology.
Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Miami Miller, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Neurosyphilis-induced dementia represents a severe manifestation of tertiary syphilis, characterized by cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments. This condition arises from the progression of syphilis to the central nervous system, where the spirochete causes damage through invasion, chronic inflammation, and neurodegeneration. The pathophysiology involves chronic inflammatory responses, direct bacterial damage, and proteinopathies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional characterization and mechanism of the multidrug resistance transport potein YoeA in Bacillus subtilis.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, PR China. Electronic address:
Transport proteins are essential for bacterial resistance to antibiotics and toxins, but their mechanisms remain poorly understood in Bacillus subtilis. In the present study, overexpression of yoeA enhanced resistance to various antibiotics, with its expression induced by these antibiotics, especially penicillin and plipastatin. The ΔyoeA strain exhibited significant growth inhibition at 100 μg/mL of plipastatin, while as high as 10,000 μg/mL of iturin/surfactin are required to achieve comparable inhibition, suggesting a higher sensitivity of ΔyoeA to plipastatin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFβ-lactam antibiotics induce metabolic perturbations linked to ROS generation leads to bacterial impairment.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Understanding the impact of antibiotics on bacterial metabolism is crucial for elucidating their mechanisms of action and developing more effective therapeutic strategies. β-lactam antibiotics, distinguished by their distinctive β-lactam ring structure, are widely used as antimicrobial agents. This study investigates the global metabolic alterations induced by three β-lactam antibiotics-meropenem (a carbapenem), ampicillin (a penicillin), and ceftazidime (a cephalosporin)-in .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeptospirosis manifested with severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome successfully treated with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report and literature review.
Medicine (Baltimore)
December 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui Province, China.
Rationale: The mortality rate associated with pulmonary hemorrhage induced by leptospirosis is notably high. Available treatment modalities are limited, and their efficacy has not been fully demonstrated. Here, we present the case report of a patient with leptospirosis-induced pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic and Genomic Approaches to the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury.
Liver Int
January 2025
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity induced by prescribed drugs has been known since the early 20th century. Identifying risk factors, including genetic factors, that trigger this drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been an important priority for many years, both to prevent drugs that cause liver injury being licensed and as a potential means of preventing at-risk patients being prescribed causative drugs. Improved methods for genomic analysis, particularly the development of genome-wide association studies, have facilitated the identification of genomic risk factors for DILI, but, to date, there are only two main examples, liver injury caused by amoxicillin-clavulanate (AC) and by flucloxacillin, where genetic risk factors causing the injury have been identified and replicated with understanding of the underlying mechanism.
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