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The role of the complement system in Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Pediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Background: This research explores complement activation products involvement and risk and protective polymorphisms in the complement alternative pathway genes in Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) pathogenesis.
Methods: We analyzed the levels of complement activation products, C3a, C5a and soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9) and plasma concentrations of Factor H (FH) and FH-related protein 1 (FHR-1) in 44 patients with STEC-HUS, 12 children with STEC-positive diarrhea (STEC-D), and 72 healthy controls (HC). STEC-HUS cases were classified as "severe" or "non-severe".
Vascular injury in glomerulopathies: the role of the endothelium.
Front Nephrol
December 2024
Renal Pathophysiology Laboratory, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
In glomerulopathies, endothelial dysfunction and the presence of histological vascular lesions such as thrombotic microangiopathy, arteriolar hyalinosis, and arteriosclerosis are related to a severe clinical course and worse renal prognosis. The endothelial cell, which naturally has anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic regulatory mechanisms, is particularly susceptible to damage caused by various etiologies and can become dysfunctional due to direct/indirect injury or a deficiency of protective factors. In addition, endothelial regulation and protection involve participation of the complement system, factors related to angiogenesis, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), endothelin, the glycocalyx, the coagulation cascade, interaction between these pathways, interactions between glomerular structures (the endothelium, mesangium, podocyte, and basement membrane) and interstitial structures (tubules, arterioles and small vessels).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCRISPR/Cas Systems as Diagnostic and Potential Therapeutic Tools for Enterohemorrhagic .
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)
January 2025
Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
Following its discovery as an adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) system has been developed into a multifaceted genome editing tool. This review compiles findings aimed at implementation of this technology for selective elimination or attenuation of enterohemorrhagic (EHEC). EHEC are important zoonotic foodborne pathogens that cause hemorrhagic colitis and can progress to the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Overview of Pediatric Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.
Pediatr Rev
January 2025
Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida.
Case of COVID-19 infection-induced complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy.
Med J Armed Forces India
December 2024
Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Nephrologist, Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus can cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) by alternate pathway activation. We present a case of a young female patient who presented with fever and dialysis-dependent acute kidney injury. On evaluation, she was diagnosed with COVID-19-induced complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (CM-TMA).
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