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Identifying neuroimaging biomarkers of major depressive disorder from cortical hemodynamic responses using machine learning approaches.
EBioMedicine
May 2022
Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China.
Background: Early diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) could enable timely interventions and effective management which subsequently improve clinical outcomes. However, quantitative and objective assessment tools for the suspected cases who present with depressive symptoms have not been fully established.
Methods: Based on a large-scale dataset (n = 363 subjects) collected with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measurements during the verbal fluency task (VFT), this study proposed a data representation method for extracting spatiotemporal characteristics of NIRS signals, which emerged as candidate predictors in a two-phase machine learning framework to detect distinctive biomarkers for MDD.
Neuropeptide Y as a risk factor for cardiorenal disease and cognitive dysfunction in chronic kidney disease: translational opportunities and challenges.
Nephrol Dial Transplant
December 2021
Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano and CNR-IFC, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid peptide member of a family also including peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide, which are all ligands to Gi/Go coupled receptors. NPY regulates several fundamental biologic functions including appetite/satiety, sex and reproduction, learning and memory, cardiovascular and renal function and immune functions. The mesenteric circulation is a major source of NPY in the blood in man and this peptide is considered a key regulator of gut-brain cross talk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of cardiovascular and orthopaedic surgery on vitamin concentrations: a narrative review of the literature and mechanisms of action.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
June 2023
The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia.
Given the rise in worldwide chronic diseases, supplemented by an aging population, the volume of global major surgeries, encompassing cardiac and orthopedic procedures is anticipated to surge significantly. Surgical trauma can be accompanied by numerous postoperative complications and metabolic changes. The present review summarized the results from studies assessing the effects of orthopedic and cardiovascular surgery on vitamin concentrations, in addition to exploring the possible mechanisms associated with changes in concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovascular Effects of Epinephrine During Experimental Hypothermia (32°C) With Spontaneous Circulation in an Intact Porcine Model.
Front Physiol
September 2021
Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Rewarming from accidental hypothermia and therapeutic temperature management could be complicated by cardiac dysfunction. Although pharmacologic support is often applied when rewarming these patients, updated treatment recommendations are lacking. There is an underlying deficiency of clinical and experimental data to support such interventions and this prevents the development of clinical guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApoptotic Markers in Donor Hearts After Brain Death vs Circulatory Death.
Transplant Proc
March 2021
Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Background: Use of donation after circulatory death (DCD) hearts is becoming more prevalent in cardiac transplantation. However, there is no standardized approach to myocardial preservation, and little data exists on ultrastructural changes in DCD hearts. We have previously identified increased proapoptotic and proinflammatory activity in brain dead donor (BDD) hearts that subsequently exhibit primary graft failure and lower levels in DCD left atrial tissue.
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