Biocides are helpful in different healthcare settings to reduce or eradicate harmful pathogens on the skin, medical devices, and in the environment. This article reviews recent advances in hand hygiene, instrument sterilization, decolonization with mupirocin, and the challenges posed by environmental contamination, and prion disease. Do biocides induce resistance?
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Comparative evaluation of chlorhexidine and benzalkonium chloride pretreatments on bond strength durability of immediate dentin sealing with universal adhesive: an in vitro study.
BMC Oral Health
March 2025
Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: Effective and durable bonding of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) is a crucial factor in the success of adhesive-bonded restorations. This study aimed to investigate the influence of chlorhexidine (CHX) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) pretreatments on the immediate and aged bond strengths of a universal adhesive used in IDS across two etching modes.
Methods: Flat dentin surfaces were obtained from 120 molars and divided into six groups based on pretreatments (no treatment, CHX, and BAC) in two etching modes (etch-and-rinse (E&R) and self-etch (SE)) using All Bond Universal, in conjunction with a hydrophobic resin layer.
New insights into the production of volatile fatty acids through low-temperature anaerobic fermentation of sludge enhanced by peracetic acid.
Water Sci Technol
March 2025
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China E-mail:
The production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through anaerobic fermentation is a significant strategy for the resource utilization of excess sludge (ES). However, the limitations of low temperatures and slow ES hydrolysis rates have resulted in less than optimal volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. This study reports a new method for improving ES low-temperature anaerobic fermentation for VFA production using peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComprehensive phenotyping combined with multi-omics of Salmonella Infantis and its HS negative variant - Resolving adaption mechanisms to environmental changes.
Food Microbiol
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Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
The zoonotic pathogen S. Infantis is of emerging importance, making detection in poultry critical. Phenotypic changes, which are significant for standardized control programs via EN/ISO 6579-1:2017, could lead to pathogens remaining undetected, increasing the risk of food-borne outbreaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZnO nanoparticles enhance the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite disinfectant in reducing the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to stainless steel surfaces.
Food Microbiol
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Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address:
The use of commercial disinfectant in combination with other antimicrobial agent such as ZnO nanoparticles to improve disinfection efficacy could be a promising strategy in the control of pathogenic bacteria. In this context, the aim of study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sodium hypochlorite disinfectant, ZnO nanoparticles as well as Mn-, Ce-, and Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles (doping concentrations 10%, 20%, 30%) against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium, and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes using the broth microdilution method CLSI M07-A10, while the checkerboard microdilution method was carried out to assess the type interaction of sodium hypochlorite in combination with pure ZnO nanoparticles. The results specified that ZnO nanoparticles were agents that required higher concentrations to inhibit bacterial growth than sodium hypochlorite, whereby a synergistic effect was achieved in their combination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of coconut oil for periodontal pathogens: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial.
Clin Oral Investig
March 2025
Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología, Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)- Hospital Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC)-Universidade da Coruña (UDC)-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC, ISCIII), Hospital Universitario, Coruña, 15006 A, Spain.
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of coconut oil on the oral bacteriome and inflammatory response in patients with periodontitis by integrating next-generation sequencing analyses of pathogenic bacterial shifts and quantification of inflammatory markers, thereby assessing its potential as a natural adjunct to standard nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
Materials And Methods: A triple-blind clinical trial was conducted with 30 participants diagnosed with periodontitis, randomized into 3 groups: (1) coconut oil, (2) chlorhexidine and (3) placebo. Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected before treatment, one month after treatment, and one month post-non-surgical periodontal therapy.
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