Erythrocytosis is a well-known paraneoplastic syndrome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), occurring in 1% of cases of this neoplasm. This report describes two HCC patients who manifested erythrocytosis in their clinical report. Similar features found in both patients were a large tumour burden, high concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit, increased levels of serum alphafetoprotein (AFP) and positive HBsAg. Right lobectomy of the liver was performed. Histological findings of the specimen showed HCC of trabecular pattern. Hemoglobin and hematocrit returned to normal range after the operation.
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