Characterization of the mouse protoporphyrinogen oxidase gene.

The murine protoporphyrinogen oxidase gene has been isolated, characterized and localized. The gene spans 4.2 kb, is comprised of 13 exons and 12 introns, and is located on chromosome 1 in band 1 H2. Analysis of 1.2 kb of the 5' upstream region revealed a promoter which is not GC rich and lacks any TATA boxes or initiator elements in the vicinity of the transcription start site. A variety of putative transcriptional element binding sequences were identified and gel shift assays support the presence of two GATA-1 sites near -760 bp as well as AP-1, AP-2, and Sp1 sites in the -1200 bp 5' flanking region. Luciferase reporter constructs transiently expressed in erythroid cell lines demonstrated erythroid-specific expression with the -1160 bp, but not with the -746 bp or -198 bp constructs. Expression in nonerythroid cells occurred maximally with -1160 bp, but was significant with -746 bp and absent with -198 bp. Expression of both housekeeping and erythroid-specific fusions in the transient expression systems was greatly decreased in the -5000 bp constructs suggesting the presence of repressor elements in the -1160 to -5000 bp region.