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Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: mechanisms and new perspectives.
J Hematol Oncol
January 2025
Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) recognized as a major etiological agent, affecting an estimated 50% of the world's population. There has been a rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular and pathogenetic mechanisms of H.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Pathogenetic aspects of diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser corneal refractive surgery].
Vestn Oftalmol
December 2024
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
This review analyzes the primary etiological factors of diffuse lamellar keratitis following various laser corneal refractive surgery techniques. The use of advanced diagnostic methods such as optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, and immunohistochemical methods has allowed for the identification of the main pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this condition, which will help improve the prevention, as well as assist with the development of optimal treatment strategies for this complication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Different Sampling Methods Combined with Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing of Respiratory Specimens in Etiological Diagnosis of Patients with Severe Pneumonia.
Infect Drug Resist
December 2024
Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Objective: To evaluate the value of respiratory specimens collected via different sampling methods combined with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the etiological diagnosis of severe pneumonia.
Methods: A total of 117 patients with severe pneumonia between 2019 and 2024 were included in this study, with 60 patients undergoing endotracheal aspiration (ETA) and 57 undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), respectively. Patient records were retrospectively reviewed.
Tryptophan Metabolites in the Progression of Liver Diseases.
Biomolecules
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia.
The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of various tryptophan metabolites in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) at different stages of the disease. The present study included 44 patients diagnosed with MAFLD, 40 patients diagnosed with ALD, and 14 healthy individuals in the control group. The levels of tryptophan and its 16 metabolites (3-OH anthranilic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-methoxytryptamine, 6-hydroxymelatonin, indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-propionic acid, kynurenic acid, kynurenine, melatonin, quinolinic acid, serotonin, tryptamine, and xanthurenic acid) in the serum were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Diagnosis of neuroinfections in children].
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova
November 2024
Children's Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Disease, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Presents an overview of domestic and foreign sources on the diagnosis of neuroinfections in children of different etiologies based on epidemiological, physical, cerebrospinal fluid, etiological, radiation and other methods. Their combination makes it possible to establish the syndrome of neuroinfection (meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, polyradioloneuritis, etc.), the severity, the presence of complications, the nature of the course, etiology.
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