We present an overview of multiple sequence alignments to outline the practical consequences for the choices among different techniques and parameters. We begin with a discussion of the scoring methods for quantifying the quality of a multiple sequence alignment, followed by a discussion of the algorithms implemented within a variety of multiple sequence alignment programs. We also discuss additional alignment details such as gap penalty and distance metrics. The paper concludes with a discussion on how to improve alignment quality and the limitations of the techniques described in this paper
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Genet Test Mol Biomarkers
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple systems in the body and is the most prevalent congenital syndrome, leading to bone marrow failure. Twenty-two genes have been identified as contributors to the disease. Significant advancements have been made in the past 2 decades in understanding the genetic and pathophysiological processes involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Coll Health
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, New York, USA.
We aimed to investigate the association between exposure settings and secondary SARS-CoV-2 transmission among university students. Students diagnosed with COVID-19 ( = 139) and randomly selected controls ( = 262) identified between April 4-December 5, 2021. This was a 1:2 case-control study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrief Bioinform
November 2024
Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technologies facilitate the exploration of cell fates or states within tissue microenvironments. Despite these advances, the field has not adequately addressed the regulatory heterogeneity influenced by microenvironmental factors. Here, we propose a novel Spatially Aligned Graph Transfer Learning (SpaGTL), pretrained on a large-scale multi-modal SRT data of about 100 million cells/spots to enable inference of context-specific spatial gene regulatory networks across multiple scales in data-limited settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
January 2025
Department of Plant Pathology, Foundation Plant Services, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
Sweetpotato ( Lam.) is grown worldwide and is a staple food in many countries. One of the main constraints for sweetpotato production is cultivar decline, caused by the accumulation of viruses and subsequent losses of storage root yield and quality over years of vegetative propagation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Rabies is a deadly neurotropic, zoonotic disease with a mortality rate of 100% after symptoms appear. Rabies virus (RABV) is the primary cause of rabies disease in humans, and it mainly spreads via dog bites in developing countries. Over the course of RABV evolution, multiple RABV variants, called clades, have emerged.
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