The health hazards caused by exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are well established. Workplace exposure to ETS is strongly influenced by the types of workplace and smoking policy-total bans on smoking have become common in many countries. Blue-collar and service workers are more likely than other types of workers to be exposed to ETS in the workplace. Smokers who are employed in workplaces with smoking bans are likely to consume fewer cigarettes per day, are more likely to be considering quitting, and quit at an increased rate compared with smokers employed in workplaces with no or weaker policies. Despite substantial progress in protecting workers from ETS, additional efforts are needed in areas that include attention to exposure among blue-collar and service workers; policies in workplaces with a limited number of employees; and studies of enforcement, effects on smoking cessation in multiple settings, and cost-effectiveness.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140551 | DOI Listing |
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France.
Background: To reduce the mortality related to bladder cancer, efforts need to be concentrated on early detection of the disease for more effective therapeutic intervention. Strong risk factors (eg, smoking status, age, professional exposure) have been identified, and some diagnostic tools (eg, by way of cystoscopy) have been proposed. However, to date, no fully satisfactory (noninvasive, inexpensive, high-performance) solution for widespread deployment has been proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Behav Med
January 2025
School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308 New South Wales, Australia.
This review assessed the effect of strategies designed to sustain the delivery of evidenced based interventions (EBIs) which target behavioural risk factors linked to leading causes of chronic disease in clinical and community settings. Seven electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled studies published from earliest record to November 2022. Studies were included if they tested a strategy to sustain the delivery of an EBI within clinical or community settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPostgrad Med J
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Shinan District, Qingdao 266075, China.
Background: Abdominal pain is one of the most prominent symptoms in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and can manifest intermittently or persistently. The mechanism of pain is not yet clear, and no effective treatment is currently available. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for pain in patients with CP, which may provide new insights for developing effective pain control modalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShock
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Introduction: The understanding of the interaction of closed-loop control of ventilation and oxygenation, specifically fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and fluid resuscitation after burn injury and acute lung injury from smoke inhalation is limited. We compared the effectiveness of FiO2, PEEP, and ventilation adjusted automatically using adaptive support ventilation (ASV) and decision support fluid resuscitation based on urine output in a clinically relevant conscious ovine model of lung injury secondary to combined smoke inhalation and major burn injury.
Methods: Sheep were subjected to burn and smoke inhalation injury under deep anesthesia and analgesia.
Cancer
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Remote symptom monitoring (RSM) is an evidence-based strategy shown to mitigate postoperative morbidity; however, platform engagement is required to benefit from RSM. Patients who report current smoking are at high risk for postoperative complications, but it is unknown whether smoking status influences engagement with RSM, symptom severity, or unanticipated acute care visits.
Methods: This observational case-control study was conducted in patients undergoing ambulatory oncologic surgery at a large cancer center.
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