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The dual role of calnexin on malignant progression and tumor microenvironment in glioma.
Sci Rep
December 2024
National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Previous studies have reported that calnexin (CANX) is significantly up-regulated in a variety of malignant tumors, including glioma, but its biological function and mechanism in glioma is still unclear. In this study, differentially expressed proteins in 3 primary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissues and 3 paracancer tissues were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomic and bioinformatic analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Microbiome and Bile Acid Interactions: Mechanistic Implications for Cholangiocarcinoma Development, Immune Resistance, and Therapy.
Am J Pathol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia; Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address:
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare but highly malignant carcinoma of bile duct epithelial cells with a poor prognosis. The major risk factors of CCA carcinogenesis and progression are cholestatic liver diseases. The key feature of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis is chronic cholestasis, which means a slowdown of hepatocyte secretion of biliary lipids and metabolites into bile as well as a slowdown of enterohepatic circulation (bile acid recirculation) of bile acids with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, which was shown to lead to enterohepatic recirculation and an increase of toxic secondary bile acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibody Against the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Target, Anterior Gradient-2 (AGR2/PDIA17).
Antibodies (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Background/objectives: Anterior Gradient-2 (AGR2/PDIA17) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of oxidoreductases. AGR2 is up-regulated in several solid tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Given the dire need for new therapeutic options for PDAC patients, we investigated the expression and function of AGR2 in PDAC and developed a novel series of affinity-matured AGR2-specific single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) and monoclonal antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of BCMA-Targeted Bispecific Natural Killer Cell Engagers for Multiple Myeloma Treatment.
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November 2024
Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos Building, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
Background: B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted T cell-redirecting immunotherapies, including Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and T-cell engagers have demonstrated remarkable success in treating relapsed/refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells. However, a significant challenge is the severe side effects associated with T-cell overactivation, leading to cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity in MM patients undergoing such therapies. Bispecific NK cell engagers (NKCEs) may offer a promising alternative by redirecting NK cell cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells without triggering cytokine release syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumors Exhibit Distinct Genomic and Epigenomic Features and Lack Recurrent Gene Fusions: Comprehensive Molecular Analysis of a Multi-institutional Series.
Am J Surg Pathol
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
Juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JxGCT) is a rare type of renal neoplasm demonstrating morphologic overlap with some mesenchymal tumors such as glomus tumor (GT) and solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Its oncogenic drivers remain elusive, and only a few cases have been analyzed with modern molecular techniques. In prior studies, loss of chromosomes 9 and 11 appeared to be recurrent.
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