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Diagnostic pitfalls in ovarian androgen-secreting tumors in postmenopausal women with rapidly progressed severe hyperandrogenism.
Post Reprod Health
November 2024
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The study discusses two rare cases of postmenopausal women experiencing rapid virilization and high testosterone levels, despite negative imaging results for ovarian masses.
- Both patients underwent hormone profiling and inconclusive imaging, leading to a suspicion of ovarian tumors, prompting surgical intervention through laparoscopic oophorectomy.
- Histological examination after surgery confirmed Leydig cell tumors in one patient and thecoma in the other, with testosterone levels normalizing and symptoms improving post-surgery, emphasizing the need for thorough evaluation of androgen excess in postmenopausal women.
Does surgery to preserve fertility in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours increase the likelihood of spontaneous conception?
BMJ Case Rep
October 2024
Reproductive Medicine & Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Article Synopsis
- A woman in her 30s experienced primary infertility and secondary amenorrhoea, with signs of virilisation and a solid mass found on her right ovary, leading to concerns about an ovarian tumor.
- Tests indicated the likely presence of an androgen-producing tumor called a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour (SLCT), which was confirmed through histopathology after a fertility-sparing surgery.
- Following the surgery, the patient’s testosterone levels dropped significantly, and her menstrual cycle resumed, highlighting the importance of recognizing SLCTs in similar cases and considering fertility-preserving options in young women with such conditions.
Steroidogenic differentiation of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells into a progesterone-/androgen-producing cell lineage by SF-1 and an estrogen-producing cell lineage by WT1-KTS.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
October 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Sex steroid hormones are crucial for sexual development and reproduction, and the transcription factors SF-1 and WT1 are known to influence gonadal development in mice, but their roles in humans are not well understood.
- The study utilized a lentivirus system to investigate how SF-1 and WT1 affect the differentiation of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAmMSCs) into steroid-producing cell types.
- Results indicated that SF-1 promotes differentiation into progesterone- and androgen-producing cells, while WT1-KTS encourages differentiation into estrogen-producing cells, highlighting their significant roles in human ovarian development.
Ovarian hyperthecosis in adolescent females: two case reports and a review of the literature.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab
September 2024
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Objectives: Ovarian hyperthecosis (OHT) is a rare cause of severe hyperandrogenism in the adolescent age group. We describe two case reports, and present an approach to management in this age group based on a review of the literature.
Case Presentation: Patient A presented at age 13 years with a 2 year history of androphonia and hirsuitism.
Virilization of a 46,XX Fetus Following Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment of Breast Cancer.
Pediatrics
June 2023
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology.
Virilization of the 46,XX infant may be attributed to maternal or fetoplacental origin. Maternal sources may be endogenous, as with an androgen-producing tumor, or drug-related. Iatrogenic virilization by maternal drug exposure is rarely reported, with individual case reports and case series demonstrating the effects of progesterone and other medications affecting the pituitary-ovarian axis.
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