Since tamoxifen therapy can induce endometrial disorders, surveillance schemes of women taking tamoxifen have been recommended. Transvaginal ultrasonography is a very sensitive test and therefore is often performed as a first-line screening test. We described a very atypical case of a high stage, high grade endometrial cancer associated with tamoxifen in a 64-year-old woman with a past history of breast cancer. This women was assessed yearly by ultrasonography and Pap smear. The cancer developed on a very thin endometrium and transvaginal ultrasonography failed to detect it. The patient remained asymptomatic up to the diagnosis. Normal endometrial cells in the Pap smear test were the only signs associated with this cancer. Surveillance strategies and significance of endometrial cells on the Pap smear are reviewed. In conclusion, TVUS can fail to detect cancers if the endometrial lining is not enlarged. In case of normal endometrial cells in the Pap smear, a careful evaluation should be performed.
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J Med Virol
February 2025
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.
In cervical cancer screening, cytology is used as a triage test to refer high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-positive women for colposcopy, but its accuracy is inadequate. The present study aimed to demonstrate that the presence of atypical cells with large vacuoles in the cytoplasm of parabasal cells, referred to as vacuolated parabasal cells (VPCs), which are observed in the Pap smears of HPV-positive women, is associated with specific HPV genotypes. Among 2175 patients, 310 with a single HR-HPV infection and cytological diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or atypical squamous cells not excluding HSIL (ASC-H) were included, of which 86 were infected with HPV16.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Med Chem
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, SVKM Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, India.
Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, making it essential to investigate new treatment options continuously. This page provides an overview of the latest advancements and best practices in detection and intervention, including Pap smears, colposcopy, biopsy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Surgical techniques such as radical hysterectomy and minimally invasive procedures have advanced to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransplantation
January 2025
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Female recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are at high risk of developing human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated lesions and (pre)cancer. We describe the results of a cervical cancer screening program in these women.
Methods: From 2010 to 2022, 70 female recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in our institution entered a standardized protocol of gynecological evaluation.
Hu Li Za Zhi
February 2025
Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan, ROC.
Background: Pap smear screenings effectively reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. However, the effectiveness of practical teaching strategies for this procedure is seldom discussed.
Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Pap smear screening training approach using the two strategies of classroom simulation and practical community screening demonstrations.
Int J STD AIDS
January 2025
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Cisgender women living with HIV (WLWH) are disproportionately impacted by cervical cancer. Nevertheless, disparities in uptake and implementation of cervical cancer services persist in sub-Saharan Africa, where population-level estimates of screening coverage remain scarce.
Methods: We pooled data from nationally representative Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) surveys conducted in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe (2015-2019).
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