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Haloperidol dopamine receptor occupancy and antagonism correspond to delirium agitation scores and EPS risk: A PBPK-PD modeling analysis.
J Psychopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Delirium is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Numerous precipitating factors and etiologies merge into the pathophysiology of this condition which can be marked by agitation and psychosis. Judicious use of antipsychotic medications such as intravenous haloperidol reduces these symptoms and distress in critically ill individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHaloperidol-Induced Laryngeal Dystonia: A Case Report on an Antipsychotic-Associated Airway Emergency.
Cureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, West Reading, USA.
Acute dystonia is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that can affect various parts of the body. It is commonly triggered by the use of antipsychotic medications, especially within the first few days after administration. Respiratory acute laryngeal dystonia, a particularly severe form of this condition and a very subtype of laryngeal dystonia, can lead to respiratory distress and airway obstruction if not promptly treated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystematic review of parenteral ketamine for managing acute agitation in emergency settings.
Asian J Psychiatr
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India. Electronic address:
Introduction: Agitation, a significant psychiatric issue often linked to conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, invariably pose challenges in emergency settings. Acute agitation occurs in 2.6 % of emergency cases and up to 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of Antenatal Agitation in a Tertiary Care Center in Central India: A Secondary Analysis.
Cureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, IND.
Background The presence of psychiatric symptoms in pregnancy is a common occurrence that requires swift and effective management to avoid harm to self, caregivers, staff, and, above all, the reliant fetus. However, there is a dearth of knowledge, practical guidelines, and research in the context of managing agitated states of antenatal patients. To bridge this critical knowledge gap, this research endeavors to illuminate the practices surrounding the management of agitated pregnant women with respect to psychiatric emergencies in a tertiary care hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPain-Induced Delirium in Patient with Dementia: A Case Report and Narrative Review.
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother
November 2024
Psychiatrist Consultant, Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Pain management is the hallmark of palliative care; however, pain is commonly underassessed in cases of advanced dementia and delirium (acute confusional state). We present a case of a 66-year-old female patient with severe dementia who was hospitalized because of behavioral changes and sleep disturbance. Symptoms of confusion, disorientation, inattention, and agitation were most severe at night.
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