Comparative Effects of N(omega)-L-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester and N(omega)-L-Nitro-L-Arginine Benzyl Ester in the Mesenteric Circulation of the Rat.

Comparative effects of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors, N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester on baseline arterial tone and on vasodilator responses to acetylcholine, isoproterenol, prostaglandin E(1), histamine, and nitroglycerin were investigated in the isolated mesenteric vascular bed of the rat. Under constant-flow conditions, intra-arterial (IA) injections of acetylcholine (100 ng--1 &mgr;g), isoproterenol (100 ng--1 &mgr;g), prostaglandin E(1) (0.3--3 &mgr;g), histamine (300 ng--3 &mgr;g), and nitroglycerin (100 ng--1 &mgr;g) caused dose-related decreases in mesenteric arterial perfusion pressure and decreases in systemic arterial pressure. Following administration of the NO synthase inhibitors, N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester, mesenteric vascular resistance, and systemic arterial pressure were increased and mesenteric vasodilator responses to acetylcholine were significantly decreased, whereas N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester did not significantly decrease vasodilator responses to nitroglycerin, histamine, isoproterenol, or prostaglandin E(1). The inhibitory effects of N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester on vasodilator responses to acetylcholine suggest that acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in the mesenteric circulation of the rat is dependent on the release of NO from the endothelium. The increase in mesenteric vascular resistance following administration of N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N(omega)-L-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester suggest that tonic production of NO by the endothelium serves to maintain the mesenteric vascular bed of the rat in a dilated state.