A series of novel N-cyanoguanidine tricyclic farnesyl protein transferase (FPT) inhibitors was prepared. Replacement of a piperidine amide-group with a N-cyanoguanidine functionality increased FPT activity. X-ray crystal structure determination of 42 complexed with FPT revealed differences in the interactions of the amide and N-cyanoguanidine groups with the protein.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00826-5 | DOI Listing |
J Cell Mol Med
December 2024
Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Fibrosis, characterised by excessive extracellular matrix deposition, contributes to both organ failure and significant mortality worldwide. Whereas fibroblasts are activated into myofibroblasts, marked by phenotypic factors such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), periostin, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), the cellular processes of trans-differentiation for fibrosis development remain poorly understood. Herein, we hypothesised that the molecular signalling of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a crucial biochemical molecule for protein prenylation, is essential in the regulation of profibrotic mechanisms for fibroblast-to-myofibroblast activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Metab
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Electronic address:
By analyzing RNA datasets from rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a soft tissue tumor with a prevalence in young people, we found upregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and mevalonate pathway (MVP) genes, including 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMGCR), farnesyl-diphosphate synthase (FDPS), squalene epoxidase (SQLE), which correlated with worse overall patient survival and predicted statin sensitivity. In human RD and RH30 lines, treatment with 0.01-1 μM doses of fatostatin (SREBP2 inhibitor), lovastatin and simvastatin (HMGCR inhibitors), and zoledronic acid (FDPS inhibitor) impaired cell growth and migration, which were conversely stimulated by 50-100 μM cholesterol (CHO) supplementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJBMR Plus
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
Nitrogen bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid, target the enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway (IBP), and are the frontline treatment for osteolytic bone diseases. A strong affinity of these agents for bone limits their distribution out of the skeleton. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGDPS) is directly downstream to FDPS in the IBP and novel GGDPS inhibitors such as RAM2061 have been shown to have key drug-like features including prolonged half-life, metabolic stability, and systemic distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathol Oncol Res
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest forms of cancer with no effective therapeutic options. A KRAS mutation can be found in up to 90% of all pancreatic tumors, making it a promising therapeutic target. The introduction of new KRAS inhibitors has been a milestone in the history of KRAS mutant tumors; however, therapeutic resistance limits their efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Biol Interact
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Prenylation, which involves the addition of hydrophobic molecules, is considered to enhance the bioavailability and biological activity of flavonoids. However, the effect of prenylation on the estrogenic activity of flavonoids with different structures remains unclear. This study evaluated the estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) agonistic and antagonistic activities of estrogenic flavonoids in both unprenylated and prenylated forms using OECD standardized in vitro ER-α transactivation assay and in vivo uterine hypertrophy assay.
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