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Article Synopsis
  • * A case study describes a 49-year-old woman experiencing recurrent urinary tract infections, pain, and discomfort, prompting medical evaluation.
  • * Diagnostic methods included ultrasound and urethrocystoscopy, which identified a 5mm polyp that was removed; histology confirmed bladder müllerianosis along with glandular and cystic cystitis.
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Endosalpingiosis is a nonneoplastic lesion defined by the presence of tubal epithelium at ectopic sites such as the peritoneum, bladder, appendix, and even uterus. They may be asymptomatic and detected incidentally on ultrasonography. However, cystic endosalpingiosis is also known to be a mimicker of ovarian neoplasms.

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Anatomically, normal cells found in an abnormal site are known as choristoma. When any two of the three-cell lineage of the mullerian duct, that is endosalpinx, endocervix and endometrium, are found at an abnormal location, it is termed mullerian choristoma or mullerianosis. Mullerianosis histologically reveals glands of varying sizes lined by cervical, tubal and endometrial cells.

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Endosalpingiosis is defined as the ectopic location of benign ciliated tubal epithelium outside of the fallopian tubes. It is a rare entity that was previously regarded as an incidental finding on pathology, and is becoming more prevalent within the medical literature. Diagnosis is made based on histologic sampling.

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Expression of uroplakin II and GATA-3 in bladder cancer mimickers: caveats in the use of a limited panel to determine cell of origin in bladder lesions.

Hum Pathol

July 2021

Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Antibodies against uroplakin II (UPII) are used to identify if bladder lesions are from urothelium, but there's been no research on UPII expression in nonurothelial mimic lesions of bladder cancer.
  • The study analyzed UPII and GATA-3 expression in various bladder cancer mimickers, finding weak UPII staining in 22% of cases and GATA-3 present in 59%.
  • While strong UPII staining indicates urothelial origin, the common weak staining in mimickers highlights the need for a combination of immunohistochemical markers for accurate diagnosis.
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