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Shotgun metagenomics reveals interkingdom association between intestinal bacteria and fungi involving competition for nutrients.
Microbiome
December 2023
Microbiome Lab, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: The accuracy of internal-transcribed-spacer (ITS) and shotgun metagenomics has not been robustly evaluated, and the effect of diet on the composition and function of the bacterial and fungal gut microbiome in a longitudinal setting has been poorly investigated. Here we compared two approaches to study the fungal community (ITS and shotgun metagenomics), proposed an enrichment protocol to perform a reliable mycobiome analysis using a comprehensive in-house fungal database, and correlated dietary data with both bacterial and fungal communities.
Results: We found that shotgun DNA sequencing after a new enrichment protocol combined with the most comprehensive and novel fungal databases provided a cost-effective approach to perform gut mycobiome profiling at the species level and to integrate bacterial and fungal community analyses in fecal samples.
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles and Immune Modulation of the Host.
Membranes (Basel)
August 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
This article reviews the role of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in mediating the interaction between Gram-negative bacteria and their human hosts. OMVs are produced by a diverse range of Gram-negative bacteria during infection and play a critical role in facilitating host-pathogen interactions without requiring direct cell-to-cell contact. This article describes the mechanisms by which OMVs are formed and subsequently interact with host cells, leading to the transport of microbial protein virulence factors and short interfering RNAs (sRNA) to their host targets, exerting their immunomodulatory effects by targeting specific host signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTETRASPANIN 8-1 from plays a key role during mutualistic interactions.
Front Plant Sci
July 2023
Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobia form two of the most important plant-microbe associations for the assimilation of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). Symbiont-derived signals are able to coordinate the infection process by triggering multiple responses in the plant root, such as calcium influxes and oscillations, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytoskeletal rearrangements and altered gene expression. An examination was made of the role of tetraspanins, which are transmembrane proteins that self-organize into tetraspanin web regions, where they recruit specific proteins into platforms required for signal transduction, membrane fusion, cell trafficking, and ROS generation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicinal plant-derived mtDNA via nanovesicles induces the cGAS-STING pathway to remold tumor-associated macrophages for tumor regression.
J Nanobiotechnology
March 2023
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have been proposed as a major mechanism for the inter-kingdom interaction and communication, but the effector components enclosed in the vesicles and the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. The plant Artemisia annua is known as an anti-malaria agent that also exhibits a wide range of biological activities including the immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties with the mechanisms to be further addressed. Here, we isolated and purified the exosome-like particles from A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNA-viromics reveals diverse communities of soil RNA viruses with the potential to affect grassland ecosystems across multiple trophic levels.
ISME Commun
April 2022
School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW UK.
The distribution and diversity of RNA viruses in soil ecosystems are largely unknown, despite their significant impact on public health, ecosystem functions, and food security. Here, we characterise soil RNA viral communities along an altitudinal productivity gradient of peat, managed grassland and coastal soils. We identified 3462 viral contigs in RNA viromes from purified virus-like-particles in five soil-types and assessed their spatial distribution, phylogenetic diversity and potential host ranges.
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