AIM:To further study the properties of bile liquid crystals, and probe into the relationship between bile liquid crystals and gallbladder stone formation, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of cholecystolithiasis.METHODS:The optic properties of bile liquid crystals in human body were determined by the method of crystal optics under polarizing microscope with plane polarized light and perpendicular polarized light.RESULTS:Under a polarizing microscope with plane polarized light, bile liquid crystals scattered in bile appeared round, oval or irregularly round. The color of bile liquid crystals was a little lighter than that of the bile around. When the stage was turned round, the color of bile liquid crystals or the darkness and lightness of the color did not change obviously. On the border between bile liquid crystals and the bile around, brighter Becke-Line could be observed. When the microscope tube is lifted, Becke-Line moved inward, and when lowered, Becke-Line moved outward. Under a perpendicular polarized light, bile liquid crystals showd some special interference patterns, called Malta cross. When the stage was turning round at an angle of 360(o), the Malta cross showed four times of extinction. In the vibrating direction of 45(o) angle of relative to upper and lower polarizing plate, gypsum test-board with optical path difference of 530nm was inserted, the first and the third quadrants of Malta cross appeared to be blue, and the second and the fourth quadrants appeared orange. When mica test-board with optical path difference of 147nm was inserted, the first and the third quadrants of Malta cross appeared yellow, and the second and the fourth quadrants appeared dark grey.CONCLUSION:The bile liquid crystals were distributed in bile in the form of global grains. Their polychroism and absorption were slight, but the edge and Becke-Line were very clear. Its refractive index was larger than that of the bile. These liquid crystals were uniaxial positive crystals. The interference colors were the first order grey-white. The double refractive index of the liquid crystals was n = 0.011-0.015.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4723495 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v6.i2.248 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
DFT study of GaAs quantum dot and 5CB liquid crystal molecule interaction.
J Mol Graph Model
January 2025
Institute of Chemical Physics after A.B. Nalbandyan of NAS RA, 5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 0014, Armenia.
Liquid crystals (LC) are widely used in various optical devices due to their birefringence, dielectric anisotropy, and responsive behavior to external fields. Enhancing the properties of existing LCs through doping with nanoparticles, including semiconductor quantum dots, offers a promising route for improving their performance. Among various nanoparticles, QDs stand out for their high charge mobility, sensitivity in the near-infrared spectral region, and cost-effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiocomposites of 2D layered materials.
Nanoscale Horiz
January 2025
Center for Research on Advanced Fiber Technologies (CRAFT), Materials Research Institute and Huck Institute of Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Molecular composites, such as bone and nacre, are everywhere in nature and play crucial roles, ranging from self-defense to carbon sequestration. Extensive research has been conducted on constructing inorganic layered materials at an atomic level inspired by natural composites. These layered materials exfoliated to 2D crystals are an emerging family of nanomaterials with extraordinary properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThermotropic reentrant isotropy and induced smectic antiferroelectricity in the ferroelectric nematic realm: comparing RM734 and DIO.
Soft Matter
January 2025
Department of Physics and Soft Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
The current intense study of ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals was initiated by the observation of the same ferroelectric nematic phase in two independently discovered organic, rod-shaped, mesogenic compounds, RM734 and DIO. We recently reported that the compound RM734 also exhibits a monotropic, low-temperature, apolar phase having reentrant isotropic symmetry (the I phase), the formation of which is facilitated to a remarkable degree by doping with small (below 1%) amounts of the ionic liquid BMIM-PF. Here we report similar phenomenology in DIO, showing that this reentrant isotropic behavior is not only a property of RM734 but is rather a more general, material-independent feature of ferroelectric nematic mesogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTunable Focusing Liquid Crystal Lenses: The Challenges and the Opportunities.
Chemphyschem
January 2025
Christ University, Centre for Advanced Research and Development, Hosur Road, Central Campus, 560029, India, 560029, Bengaluru, INDIA.
The utilization of liquid crystals (LC) as materials has enabled the enlargement of lenses with the potential to alter their focus. Tunable LC lenses with adjustable focus are essential for optical imaging, sensing, and detection devices. This technology offers many benefits, such as the ability to adjust focus, operate with low power, and be easily made.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSlip Flow in Hydrophilic Nanopores of Silica Colloidal Crystals.
Langmuir
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.
Slip flow, a fluid flow enhanced in comparison to that calculated using continuum equations, has been reported for many nanopores, mostly those with hydrophobic surfaces. We investigated the flow of water, hexane, and methanol through hydrophilic nanopores in silica colloidal crystals. Three silica sphere sizes were used to prepare the crystals: 150 ± 30, 500 ± 40, and 1500 ± 100 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!