Hair analysis for the major metabolite of cocaine, benzoylecgonine (BZE) was performed in a cohort of 251 predominantly African-American newborns utilizing a modified radioimmunoassay (RIA) (Abuscreen Roche Laboratories, Nutley, N.J., USA). Maternal drug intake was confirmed by positive urine drug screen for cocaine metabolites at the time of delivery. The BZE concentrations reported here are the composites of both the parent compound cocaine (hydrolyzed to BZE) and the native BZE metabolized by the patient and deposited in the hair follicle. Hair analysis as an indicator for gestational cocaine exposure had a sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 85%. The range of BZE was 99-23,300 ng/g of hair, with 79% having hair BZE levels <5,000 ng/g of hair. The BZE RIA was confirmed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Of the 18 mother/infant pairs tested, the hair BZE ratio (maternal to neonatal) varied from 0.5 to 8.9 in 13 pairs. In spite of maternal high hair BZE levels, 5 newborns had no evidence of hair BZE, stressing the importance of the placental role for the cocaine transfer to the fetus. After controlling for gestational age, higher BZE levels significantly correlated with smaller head circumference (p < 0.03) and birth weight (p < 0.01).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000047181 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Screened of long non-coding RNA related to wool development and fineness in Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep.
BMC Genomics
January 2025
Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Wool growth and fineness regulation is influenced by some factors such as genetics and environment. At the same time, lncRNA participates in numerous biological processes in animal production. In this research, we conducted a thorough analysis and characterization of the microstructure of wool, along with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), their target genes, associated pathways, and Gene Ontology terms pertinent to the wool fineness development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-Throughput Dissociation and Orthotopic Implantation of Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts.
J Vis Exp
December 2024
Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Health Professions, West Virginia University School of Medicine; Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine; 3Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine;
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) provide a clinically relevant method for recapitulating tumor-involved cell types and the tumor microenvironment, which is essential for advancing knowledge of breast cancer (BC). Additionally, PDX models enable the study of BC systemic effects, which is not possible using in vitro models. Traditional methods for implanting BC xenografts typically involve anesthesia and sterile surgical procedures, which are time-consuming, invasive, and limit the scalability of PDX models in BC research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic composition of Kazakh horses of Zhabe type evaluated by SNP genotyping.
Heliyon
January 2025
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Timiryazev Str. 45, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Horses are animals traditionally playing prominent role as both food source and working animals for Kazakh people. Zhabe horses are traditional type of indigenous Kazakh horses characterized by versatility and adaptation to conditions of Central Asia. The present work focuses on examination of genetic structure of Zhabe horses using SNP genotyping with addition of previously published data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReinforcing chemically treated human hair with citric acid.
Int J Cosmet Sci
January 2025
L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
Objective: The objective of this work was to conduct a systematic study to evaluate the performance of citric acid (CA), an example of a commonly used organic acid in hair cosmetics, on different types of chemically treated hair and to better understand how CA works.
Methods: Consumer-centric routines were used to prepare the chemically treated hair, namely high-lift bleached, middle-lift bleached, permanently coloured and a combination of permed and coloured hair. Hair was subsequently treated with CA and hair reinforcement was investigated by physical techniques: High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC), Miniature Tensile Test (MTT), Cyclic Fatigue Tensile Test (CFTT) & Micro X-ray Diffraction (μXRD) as well as chemical analysis (elemental, amino acids).
PD-L1 testing patterns in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) in the U.S.
Oral Oncol
January 2025
Value and Implementation, Outcomes Research, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
Background: Pembrolizumab with/without platinum + 5-FU is approved for the first-line (1L) treatment of R/M HNSCC, and its monotherapy use requires PD-L1 Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥ 1. We aimed to understand PD-L1 testing patterns and associations with patient characteristics and treatment choice in R/M HNSCC.
Methods: Adults with R/M HNSCC initiating 1L systemic therapy were included from a U.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!