The work presented in this paper is part of an ongoing effort to use mathematical models to investigate the effects of microgravity on the cardiovascular system. In particular, a thirteen compartment lumped parameter representation of the cardiovascular system is used to simulate some of the current hypotheses concerning the mechanism of post-flight orthostatic intolerance. Simulations are compared to astronaut stand test data pre - and post-flight in an effort to quantitatively evaluate alternative hypotheses.
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Prog Cardiovasc Dis
December 2023
John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Background: With expanding commercial space programs, uncertainty remains about the cardiovascular effects of space environmental exposures including microgravity, confinement, isolation, space radiation, and altered bacterial virulence. Current limited data suggests additional health threats compared to Earth.
Methods: We systematically reviewed PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane databases for prospective studies on spaceflight and cardiovascular outcomes.
Spinal Cord Ser Cases
July 2023
School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Study Design: Single-subject case design OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Autogenic Feedback Training Exercise (AFTE) on autonomic nervous system responses.
Introduction: AFTE combines specific autogenic exercises with biofeedback of multiple physiological responses. Originally developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), AFTE is used to improve post-flight orthostatic intolerance and motion sickness in astronauts.
Cardiology
October 2023
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Introduction: Space travel imposes significant gravitational and radiation stress on both cellular and systemic physiology, resulting in myriad cardiovascular changes that have not been fully characterized.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the cellular and clinical adaptations of the cardiovascular system after exposure to real or simulated space travel in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched in June 2021 for all peer-reviewed articles published since 1950 related to the following search terms entered in separate pairs: "cardiology and space" and "cardiology and astronaut.
Sci Rep
July 2020
Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
To understand fundamental mechanisms associated with post-flight orthostatic intolerance we investigated the interaction between the cardiovascular and postural functions before and after 60 days of head down bedrest (HDBR). Twenty healthy young males (35.0 ± 1.
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May 2020
State Research Center of the Russian Federation, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Introduction: Dry immersion (DI) is a ground-based experimental model which reproduces the effects of microgravity on the cardiovascular system and, therefore, can be used to study the mechanisms of post-flight orthostatic intolerance in cosmonauts. However, the effects of long-duration DI on cardiovascular system have not been studied yet. The aim of this work was to study the effects of 21-day DI on systemic hemodynamics and its baroreflex control at rest and during head-up tilt test (HUTT).
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