We derive general-purpose mathematical model for pollution concentration studies. The model is based on the aerosol general dynamic equation (GDE). It accounts for aerosol processes like coagulation and growth by deposition and is therefore suited for suspended-particle monitoring. Our model is validated by controlled experiments done using standard aerosol monitoring devices that measure PM10, particle cross section, particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs) and number concentration, showing an excellent agreement with the experimental data in a 77-m(3) room with a time sequence of cigarettes smoked. As an example of an application, we calculated the mean PPAH emission rate in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) for a "smolder-smoked" cigarette and found it to be 8 ng/s for a total emission of 5.28 microg per cigarette. The results show that real aerosol dynamics should be taken into account when monitoring suspended particles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500187 | DOI Listing |
Health Phys
January 2025
National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100088, China.
Inhalation of 131I is the main route for internal doses to nuclear medicine workers. This study aimed to establish a simple analysis method for determining 131I activity in carbon cartridges, explore the activity concentration of 131I in nuclear medicine departments, and evaluate the internal dose of workers. A total of 21 nuclear medicine departments in the hospital conducted air sampling using a high-volume air sampler equipped with carbon cartridges and glass fiber filters to collect gaseous 131I and aerosol 131I, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China.
Flexible on-skin electronics present tremendous popularity in intelligent electronic skins (e-skins), healthcare monitoring, and human-machine interfaces. However, the reported e-skins can hardly provide high permeability, good stretchability, and large sensitivity and are limited in long-term stability and efficient recyclability when worn on the human body. Herein, inspired from the human skin, a permeable, stretchable, and recyclable cellulose aerogel-based electronic system is developed by sandwiching a screen-printed silver sensing layer between a biocompatible CNF/HPC/PVA (cellulose nanofiber/hydroxypropyl cellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol)) aerogel hypodermis layer and a permeable polyurethane layer as the epidermis layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
Pollution Prevention Unit, Spanish Ministry for the Ecological Transition, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Changes in climate and land-use have significantly increased both the frequency and intensity of wildland fires globally, exacerbating the potential for hazardous impacts on human health. A better understanding of particle exposure concentrations and scenarios is crucial for developing mitigation strategies to reduce the health risks. Here, PM and black carbon (BC) concentrations were monitored during wildland fires between 2022-2024, in fire-prone areas in Catalonia (NE Spain), by means of personal monitors (AirBeam2 and Micro-aethalometers AE51 and MA200).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd. 300044 Hsinchu City, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address:
This study presents a novel approach for the controlled synthesis and real-time characterization of crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels utilizing a microfluidic platform coupled with hyphenated electrospray-differential mobility analysis (ES-DMA). By precisely controlling key synthesis parameters within the microfluidic environment, including pH, temperature, reaction time, and the molar ratio of HA to crosslinker (1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, BDDE), we successfully synthesized HA hydrogels with tailored size and properties. The integrated ES-DMA system provides rapid, in-line analysis of hydrogel particle size and distribution, enabling real-time monitoring and optimization of the synthesis process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Airborne particulate matter (PM) in urban environments poses significant health risks by penetrating the respiratory system, with concern over lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) as an indicator of particle exposure. This study aimed to investigate the diurnal trends and sources of LDSA, particle number concentration (PNC), elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) concentrations in Los Angeles across different seasons to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contributions from primary and secondary sources of ultrafine particles (UFPs). Hourly measurements of PNC and LDSA were conducted using the DiSCmini and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), while OC and EC concentrations were measured using the Sunset Lab EC/OC Monitor.
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