Liquid chromatographic determination of simple phenolic compounds in waste waters from olive oil production plants.

A method was developed for the determination of simple phenolic compounds (PCs) in waste waters from olive oil production plants by liquid chromatography (LC). The sample under examination was acidified to pH 2 to precipitate proteins, acetone was added to eliminate the colloidal fraction, and hexane was used for extraction to eliminate lipidic substances. The solution obtained was filtered and injected into the LC system; the wavelength selected for the spectrophotometric detection was specific for PCs, so that carbohydrates, organic acids, and short-chain free fatty acids did not interfere. Recoveries of 9 PCs spiked to a real sample were 90-100% for concentrations ranging from 20 to 2000 mg/L for each analyte.