[Visual outcome of macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling].

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the internal limiting membrane(ILM) peeling on macular hole surgery.

Methods: A series of 102 patients(105 eyes) who underwent primary macular hole surgery between October 1994 and April 1999 was used for this retrospective study. The mean age was 65.6 +/- 7.1 years (mean +/- standard deviation). Of the study eyes, 34 eyes(32%) had a Stage II hole, 49 eyes(47%) had a Stage III hole, and 22 eyes(21%) had a Stage IV hole based on the Gass classification. Here we compared the surgical and visual outcome of the ILM peeling-treated group(treated group: 51 eyes) with those of ILM peeling-untreated group(untreated group: 54 eyes).

Results: The hole closure rate after initial surgery was 98.0% in the treated group and 90.7% in the untreated group, and mean postoperative visual acuity, excluding cases where the hole was not closed by initial surgery, was 0.44 and 0.47, respectively. Visual improvement of 2 or more lines on Snellen chart was achieved in 84.3% and 57.4%(p < 0.01), and that of 4 or more lines in 54.9% and 25.9% (p < 0.01), respectively. Of the eyes with Stage II and III holes, visual outcome of the treated group was significantly better than that of the untreated group(p = 0.034, p = 0.037). In Stage IV, the initial closure rate of the treated group was significantly better than that of the untreated group(p = 0.02), but the visual outcome was not significantly different.

Conclusion: Vitreous surgery combined with ILM peeling for the management of idiopathic macular hole is effective not only on hole closure but also on visual recovery.