Intracranial schwannomas commonly arise from the vestibular nerve and less commonly from other cranial nerves. On rare occasions, they may be intraparenchymatous, intraventricularor intrasellar. However, the occurrence of a congenital solitary intracranial extradural schwannoma unrelated to any cranial nerve in the absence of von Recklinghausan's syndrome is exceptional. The authors report a unique, heretofore unreported case of a congenital temporal extradural schwannoma, unassociated with any known cranial nerve and with a transcranial extension presenting as a temporal fossa mass since birth in a 16-year-old female patient. Total resection of this tumour was uncomplicated. A brief review of the relevant literature is presented.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jocn.2001.0948 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Rochdale Infirmary, Rochdale, UK.
Sweet syndrome (SS), or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a dermatologic, auto-inflammatory disorder of unclear origin, often accompanied by systemic inflammation affecting various tissues, including the eyes. Common ocular manifestations include conjunctivitis but can extend to other ocular tissues. Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) involves damage to several cranial nerves transversing the orbital apex, leading to ophthalmoplegia and vision loss.
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January 2025
Department of General Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, India.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is marked by increased intracranial pressure without any accompanying evidence of clinical, imaging or laboratory findings of intracranial pathology. In addition to headache, nausea and vomiting, typical symptoms might also include diplopia, photophobia and blurred vision. Third nerve palsy is rarely linked to IIH, although sixth nerve palsy is reported in the majority of individuals with IIH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Glaucoma is characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration that results in irreversible blindness, and it can be considered a neurodegenerative disorder of both the eye and the brain. Increasing evidence suggest that glaucoma shares some common neurodegenerative pathways with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) among others. Interestingly, a recent study revealed the presence of abnormal TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions and aggregates in retinal ganglion cells and other retinal cell types in FTLD-TDP patients; however, the significance of this pathology and its impact on retinal function and optical nerve integrity is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeadache
January 2025
Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
Objective: This systematic review aims to consolidate and analyze the existing evidence on Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) in the pediatric population, focusing on clinical features, diagnostic challenges, treatment outcomes, and prognosis.
Background: Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare headache disorder caused by idiopathic inflammation of the cavernous sinus, orbital apex, or orbit, resulting in neuro-ophthalmological manifestations. It is uniquely characterized by cranial nerve palsies and often responds well to steroids.
Cureus
December 2024
Otorhinolaryngology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, PRT.
Objectives The aim of this anatomical study was to analyze distances and anatomical relations between the lower cranial nerves and important neck landmarks. Methods Anatomical study based on neck dissection in Thiel-embalmed cadavers. Anatomical relations and distances between the vagus (X), accessory (XI), and hypoglossal (XII) nerves and important neck landmarks were registered and compared.
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