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Current Treatment Paradigm and Approach to Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Cureus
December 2024
Hematology and Oncology, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Providence, USA.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms of primary liver cancer worldwide. Herein, we present a review article that provides a broad overview of the current landscape of HCC, including the etiology, potential risk factors, and molecular pathways that can serve as potential therapeutic targets. The risk factors tend to vary depending on the geographic distribution; hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis and HCC occur more frequently in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, whereas metabolic disorders are the culprits in Western Europe and the Americas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnveiling the enzymatic pathway of UMG-SP2 urethanase: insights into polyurethane degradation at the atomic level.
Chem Sci
December 2024
LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre s/n 4169-007 Porto Portugal
The recently discovered metagenomic urethanases UMG-SP1, UMG-SP2, and UMG-SP3 have emerged as promising tools to establish a bio-based recycling approach for polyurethane (PU) waste. These enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing urethane bonds in low molecular weight dicarbamates as well as in thermoplastic PU and the amide bond in polyamide employing a Ser-Ser -Lys triad for catalysis, similar to members of the amidase signature protein superfamily. Understanding the catalytic mechanism of these urethanases is crucial for enhancing their enzymatic activity and improving PU bio-recycling processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe clinical diagnostic value of right-to-left shunt in cryptogenic stroke under right heart contrast echocardiography: a retrospective case-control study.
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther
December 2024
Department of Ultrasound, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
Background: About 30% of ischemic strokes do not have a clear cause, which is called cryptogenic stroke (CS). Increasing evidence suggests a potential link between CS and right-to-left shunt (RLS). RLS may lead to CS via paradoxical embolic mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree-Level Nanoparticle Rocket Strategy for Colorectal Cancer Therapeutics in Photothermal Therapy, Inflammation Modulation, and Cuproptosis Induction.
Adv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
Disturbances in intracellular copper (Cu) homeostasis can trigger cuproptosis, a new form of cell death, which, when combined with photothermal therapy (PTT), offers a promising solution to the persistent challenges in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. In this study, a "three-level nanoparticle rocket" strategy is developed by engineering CuO, a multifunctional Cu-based nanoenzyme that is photothermal and has electron transfer properties and antioxidant efficiency. CuO effectively remodels the inflammatory environment by scavenging reactive oxygen species, thereby overcoming the traditional limitations of PTT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical manifestations and molecular genetics of seven patients with Niemann-Pick type-C: a case series with a novel variant.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Metabolism and Ankara University Rare Diseases Application and Research Center, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye.
Objectives: Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a rare, autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the or genes, leading to lysosomal lipid accumulation. NPC has an incidence of 1 in 100,000 live births and presents with a wide range of symptoms affecting visceral organs and the central nervous system. We aim to describe the diverse clinical presentations of NPC through case studies.
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