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Sensory Entrained TMS (seTMS) enhances motor cortex excitability.
bioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the motor cortex has revolutionized the study of motor physiology in humans. Despite this, TMS-evoked electrophysiological responses show significant variability, due in part to inconsistencies between TMS pulse timing and ongoing brain oscillations. Variable responses to TMS limit mechanistic insights and clinical efficacy, necessitating the development of methods to precisely coordinate the timing of TMS pulses to the phase of relevant oscillatory activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-fat-diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance attenuates murine lipogenesis.
iScience
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520, USA.
Hepatic insulin resistance (IR) is often said to be "pathway-selective" with preserved insulin stimulation of lipogenesis (DNL) despite attenuated insulin signaling toward glucose metabolism. However, DNL has not been assessed in models of liver-specific IR. We studied mice with differential tissue-specific lipid-induced IR achieved by different durations of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterizing Long COVID in Children and Adolescents.
JAMA
August 2024
Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Article Synopsis
- Research highlights a critical gap in understanding long COVID (PASC) in children and emphasizes the need for studies that define its characteristics in this age group.
- The objective is to identify common prolonged symptoms in children aged 6 to 17 post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, examining differences between school-age kids and adolescents, as well as potential symptom clusters for future research.
- A multicenter study involved nearly 5,000 participants, revealing that certain symptoms were significantly more prevalent in those with a history of COVID-19 compared to those without.
Mapping cortical excitability in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Clin Neurophysiol
August 2024
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, CA, 94394, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is an effective treatment for depression, but the neural effects after TMS remains unclear. TMS paired with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can causally probe these neural effects. Nonetheless, variability in single pulse TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) across dlPFC subregions, and potential artifact induced by muscle activation, necessitate detailed mapping for accurate treatment monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-time optimization to enhance noninvasive cortical excitability assessment in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
bioRxiv
May 2024
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Objective: We currently lack a robust noninvasive method to measure prefrontal excitability in humans. Concurrent TMS and EEG in the prefrontal cortex is usually confounded by artifacts. Here we asked if real-time optimization could reduce artifacts and enhance a TMS-EEG measure of left prefrontal excitability.
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