Throwing velocity is a necessary requirement for success in baseball. All position players, including pitchers, may increase their defensive performance if their throwing velocity is improved. A review of the literature suggests that throwing velocity can be increased by resistance training and/or biomechanical improvement of the throwing motion. This paper reviews the 3 broad categories of resistance-training methods by which throwing velocity is increased. The results of research using general, special, and specific throwing resistance-training exercises are presented. The role and applications of these different exercises for baseball players of different ages are discussed.
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PeerJ
January 2025
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Background: Osoto-gari is a leg throw technique that primarily relies on the hip extension to initiate the sweeping motion of the leg. A high sweep contact velocity is a crucial factor in efficiently executing this technique. While some literature emphasises whole-body coordination in the leg-sweeping action, the roles of trunk and head motion remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Funct Morphol Kinesiol
December 2024
Integrative Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology of Effort, (LIBFE), School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile.
Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to assess the methodology for selecting sports talent in the Chilean Promising Athletes Program (CPAP).
Methods: The standing broad jump (SBJ), medicine ball chest throw (MBCT), thirty-meter running sprint (RS-30), Agility-T (T-test), and height were analyzed in 3060 schoolchildren from Chile, grouped by sex, age, geographical area (north, central and south) and maturity status at peak height velocity (PHV) in pre-, circa- and post-PHV.
Results: Superior differences were found in boys for all age ranges in SBJ, RS-30, T-test, and MBCT ( < 0.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol
December 2024
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 172 37 Athens, Greece.
The tempo of resistance exercises is known to influence performance outcomes, yet its specific effects on post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fast versus slow repetitions at a load of 70% of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in the bench press exercise, focusing on velocity, surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity, and applied force while equating time under tension on bench press throw performance. Eleven men (age: 23.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData Brief
February 2025
Universidade da Coruña, CITIC Research Center, A Coruña 15071, Spain.
This paper presents a synthetic dataset of labeled game situations in recordings of federated handball and basketball matches played in Galicia, Spain. The dataset consists of synthetic data generated from real video frames, including 308,805 labeled handball frames and 56,578 labeled basketball frames extracted from 2105 handball and 383 basketball 5-s video clips. Experts manually labeled the video clips based on the respective sports, while the individual frames were automatically labeled using computer vision and machine learning techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Sports Med
January 2025
Sports Medicine and Movement Lab, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Background: During a windmill softball pitch, the throwing shoulder experiences forces greater than the pitcher's body weight. Various kinematic, kinetic, and performance factors have been related to shoulder forces and torques in softball pitchers, and softball research has examined clinical screening measures such as range of motion, muscular strength, and/or neuromuscular control. However, no studies have explicitly identified low-cost, clinic-friendly screening measures predictive of shoulder distraction forces in softball pitchers.
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