Background: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a very important factor in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
Objectives: To examine the relationship between airway obstruction and AHR in adult asthma.
Methods: This study was a retrospective study in 161 adult asthmatic patients. Nonspecific AHR to methacholine was measured. We examined the correlations between AHR and pulmonary function, severity of asthma, type of asthma and age.
Results: In the moderate and severe groups, peripheral airway obstruction was more aggravated compared to the mild group, and AHR was significantly more severe. Analysis of AHR by age showed that the degree of airway obstruction increased with aging, but age did not clearly correlate with airway sensitivity. Airway reactivity decreased with aging. Aspirin-induced asthma tended to be severe. In fatal asthma, central airway obstruction was significantly more severe. Although AHR in fatal asthma did not significantly differ from that in the severe group, airway sensitivity and airway reactivity tended to be increased.
Conclusions: AHR is an important factor determining the severity of asthma, and airway obstruction is an important index for the prediction of death from asthma. An evaluation of the degree of AHR and airway obstruction is considered to be the first step in controlling asthma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000050551 | DOI Listing |
Turk J Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency and Trauma, Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Pahang, Malaysia.
Snake-related injury (SRI) is one of the most common medical emergencies encountered in tropical countries such as Malaysia. The majority of snake bites are nonvenomous, while the less common venomous snakebite can cause major disability or even death. There are 16 pit viper species documented in Malaysia which can be categorized based on their habitat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Crit Care Med
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Objective: To study the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone in preventing postextubation airway obstruction (PEAO).
Design: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.
Study Setting: The study was conducted in level 3 PICU at AIIMS, Raipur, India, from December 2019 to September 2022.
BMC Pulm Med
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026 Yatai street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
Background: Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare congenital anomaly caused by the abnormal embryonic migration of thyroid tissue, leading to its presence outside its usual pretracheal location. This condition can lead to diagnostic challenges, especially when located within the airway, as it mimics other respiratory disorders such as asthma.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a 69-year-old man with endotracheal ETT presenting with severe dyspnea, and the lesion was initially suspected to be malignant.
Chest
January 2025
Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is a common hereditary disorder associated with increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Many individuals with severe A1AT deficiency go undiagnosed, or are diagnosed late, and fail to benefit from disease-specific counseling and modifying care. Since the 2012 Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) A1AT deficiency clinical practice guideline, new approaches to optimal diagnosis using modern genetic testing and studies of A1AT augmentation therapy have been published.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaeknabladid
February 2025
Emergency Department, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
A case is reported of a man in his 70s that presented to the emergency department due to difficulty swallowing after a fall. He was found to have a large retropharyngeal hematoma, which led to complete airway obstruction about an hour after the injury. As oral endotracheal intubation was impossible due to the bleeding, an emergency cricothyrotomy was performed in an ambulance by an emergency medicine trainee.
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