Measurements of the charge of dust grains have been performed in a quasineutral plasma over a wide range of grain sizes. A new method was established for measuring the charge on grains levitating in the striations of a dc glow discharge. A single dust particle is moved out of a dust cloud with the help of a focused laser beam. When it leaves the beam it returns back to the cloud, and the charge on the grain is derived from the analysis of the returning trajectory. The obtained dependence of the dust-grain charge on its size was found to be strongly nonlinear in the experimental conditions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.205002 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Condens Matter
January 2025
School of Physical Sciences, NISER, Jatni, Bhubaneswar, 752050, INDIA.
We study topological charge pumping (TCP) in the Rice-Mele (RM) model with irreciprocal hopping. The non-Hermiticity gives rise to interesting pumping physics, owing to the presence of skin effect and exceptional points. In the static one-dimensional (1D) RM model, we find two independent tuning knobs that can drive the topological transition, namely, non-Hermitian parameter $\gamma$ and system size $N$.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
January 2025
Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, PR China. Electronic address:
Polymers and dendrimers are macromolecules, possessing unique and intriguing characteristics, that are widely applied in self-assembled functional materials, green catalysis, drug delivery and sensing devices. Traditional approaches for the structural characterization of polymers and dendrimers involve DLS, GPC, NMR, IR and TG, which provide their physiochemical features and ensemble information, whereas their unimolecular conformation and dispersion also are key features allowing to understand their transporting profile in confined ionic nanochannels. This work demonstrates the nanopore approach for the determination of charged homopolymers, neutral block copolymer and dendrimers under distinct bias potentials and pH conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Microgels are versatile materials with applications across biomedicine, materials science, and beyond. Their controllable size and composition enables tailoring specific properties, yet characterizing their internal structures on the nanoscale remains challenging. Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) effectively analyzes sub-μm structures, including microgels, offering a tool for investigating more complex systems such as core-shell microgels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Rapid Commun
January 2025
Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany.
Aromatic diimides such as naphthalene diimide (NDI) and pyromellitic diimide (MDI) are important building blocks for organic electrode materials. They feature a two-electron redox mechanism that allows for energy storage. Due to the smaller size of MDI compared to NDI its theoretical capacity is higher.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is a dimeric 110 kDa M16A zinc metalloprotease that degrades amyloidogenic peptides diverse in shape and sequence, including insulin, amylin, and amyloid-β, to prevent toxic amyloid fibril formation. IDE has a hollow catalytic chamber formed by four homologous subdomains organized into two ∼55 kDa N- and C-domains (IDE-N and IDE-C, respectively), in which peptides bind, unfold, and are repositioned for proteolysis. IDE is known to transition between a closed state, poised for catalysis, and an open state, able to release cleavage products and bind new substrate.
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