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Butyric acid alleviates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK2/MLCK signaling pathway in Caco2 cells.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Butyric acid (BA) can potentially enhance the function of the intestinal barrier. However, the mechanisms by which BA protects the intestinal mucosal barrier remain to be elucidated. Given that the Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2)/Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signaling pathway is crucial for maintaining the permeability of the intestinal epithelium, we further investigated whether BA exerts a protective effect on epithelial barrier function by inhibiting this pathway in LPS-induced Caco2 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug-Induced Cognitive Impairment.
Drug Saf
December 2024
Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Box 117, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
Drug-induced cognitive impairment (DICI) is a well-established, yet under-recognised, complication of many types of pharmacological treatment. While there is a large body of scientific literature on DICI, most papers are about drug-induced dementia in the elderly and one specific drug class. However, DICI also comprises subclinical symptoms, domain-specific forms of cognitive impairment as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and delirium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntestinal butyric acid-mediated disruption of gut hormone secretion and lipid metabolism in vasopressin receptor-deficient mice.
Mol Metab
January 2025
Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: Arginine vasopressin (AVP), known as an antidiuretic hormone, is also crucial in metabolic homeostasis. Although AVP receptor-deficient mice exhibit various abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism, the mechanism underlying these symptoms remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the involvement of the gut hormones including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and microbiota as essential mediators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Xhosa specific solute carrier family 22-member 2 haplotypes on the cellular uptake of metformin and cimetidine.
Gene
February 2025
Precision Medicine Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
Background: Studies have shown that solute carrier transporters play an important role in the transport and distribution of metformin, and that genetic variation(s) in solute carrier genes have play a role in the variation of metformin efficacy and disposition observed in populations. This study aimed to determine the cellular uptake efficiency of metformin in SLC22A2 coding haplotypes of an indigenous South African population.
Methods And Results: To determine metformin and cimetidine cellular uptake in transfected HEK-293 cells, ultra high-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantitate substrate concentration(s).
Many dermatologic medications have the potential to induce ocular complications. Traditional medications, including corticosteroids, retinoids, antibiotics, antihistamines, and immunosuppressants, have been associated with eye dryness, irritation, allergy, infection, atrophy, pigmentary changes, increased intraocular pressure, and impaired vision. Novel therapeutic agents such as biologics raise new concerns for ocular surface disease and conjunctivitis.
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