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J Paediatr Child Health
January 2025
Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, India.
Background: Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (bCPAP) has become a crucial intervention in neonatal care, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to advanced respiratory support is scarce. While bCPAP offers a cost-effective solution for neonatal respiratory distress, conducting clinical trials in these settings presents significant ethical challenges. Issues of justice, beneficence, and autonomy arise due to disparities in healthcare infrastructure, complexities surrounding informed consent, and the potential exploitation of vulnerable populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
January 2025
Healthcare Analysis and Forecasting, Wantage OX12 0NE, UK.
This study investigates the process of planning for future inpatient resources (beds, staff and costs) for maternity (pregnancy and childbirth) services. The process of planning is approached from a patient-centered philosophy; hence, how do we discharge a suitably rested healthy mother who is fully capable of caring for the newborn baby back into the community? This demonstrates some of the difficulties in predicting future births and investigates trends in the average length of stay. While it is relatively easy to document longer-term (past) trends in births and the conditions relating to pregnancy and birth, it is exceedingly difficult to predict the future nature of such trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Health Care Philos
January 2025
Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Forensic mental health services (FMHS) involve restricting certain individual rights to uphold or promote other ethical values - the restriction of liberty in various forms is justified with reference to health and safety of the individual and the community. The tension that arises from this has been construed as a hallmark of the practice and an ever-present quandary for practitioners. Stating this ethical dilemma upfront is a common point of departure for many texts discussing FMHS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Card Anaesth
January 2025
Department of Community Medicine, AFMS, India.
Intercostal artery aneurysms are a type of vascular abnormality that poses a potential risk of rupture, which could lead to life-threatening hemothorax. This case report presents a young male who experienced a rupture of an intercostal artery aneurysm and subsequently suffered from a massive hemothorax after engaging in strenuous physical activity. The current case study sheds light on the difficulties and lessons learned in managing such cases in peripheral settings, including the dilemma of whether to insert an intercostal chest drain (ICD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
Determining COVID-19 vaccination strategies presents many challenges in light of limited vaccination capacity and the heterogeneity of affected communities. Who should be prioritized for early vaccination when different groups manifest different levels of risks and contact rates? Answering such questions often becomes computationally intractable given that network size can exceed millions. We obtain a framework to compute the optimal vaccination strategy within seconds to minutes from among all strategies, including highly dynamic ones that adjust vaccine allocation as often as required, and even with modest computation resources.
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