AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of serotonin (5-HT) in social dominance among male Anolis carolinensis lizards, focusing on how serotonin turnover varies with dominant and submissive behaviors.
- It was found that displaying dominant lizards had higher serotonin turnover in the forebrain area responding to visual stimuli, while submissive displays led to decreased serotonin levels.
- The research suggests that stimulating specific serotonin receptors could induce dominant behaviors in non-dominant males, hinting at similar serotonin mechanisms potentially influencing social behaviors in other species, including primates.
Article Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) functions are associated with social dominance status in diverse species, but to date the brain regions wherein 5-HT exerts such effects are uncertain. Here, we indexed 5-HT turnover in male Anolis carolinensis as the ratio of 5-HT to its metabolite, 5-hydroxy-indol-acetic acid, and also as the accumulation of the in vivo tracer 14C-alpha-methyl-tryptophan (14C-AMT). After patching one eye, displaying dominant animals increased both measures of 5-HT turnover in the forebrain hemisphere receiving display-evocative visual stimuli, compared to control, contralateral brain, whereas both 5-HT turnover indices were decreased when animals displayed submissively. In contrast, various non-displaying controls showed forebrain symmetry on both measures. Drugs that stimulate 5-HT(2C) receptors in mammals, and have 5-HT(2C)-like binding in A. carolinensis, evoked some elements of dominant display behaviors in non-dominant anole males and also activated dorsolateral basal ganglia as seen in non-medicated dominants when they display [Baxter et al., 2001]. Thus, acute changes in forebrain 5-HT output from baseline equilibrium, acting at 5-HT(2C)-like receptors, might effect some elements of the dominant vs. submissive male anoles' territorial displays. A mechanistic model of how this might occur is offered. Given similarities in 5-HT systems, forebrain functions, and territorial display routines, similar mechanisms might have similar functions in other amniotes, including primates.
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