The results obtained with the direct radioimmunological method and electrosyneresis in the search for Australia antigen were compared in 3100 donor sera. In a limited number of sera, the positivity of radioimmunological examination was tested by neutralization tests with human antibody and with the serum of normal guinea-pigs. Electrosyneresis proved positive in 4% of cases, while radioimmunological examination produced a clearly positive result in 6.7% of cases and a faintly positive or doubtful result in 1.8%. The presence of doubtful results is due to the fact that the distribution of values obtained shows some overlapping between normal population and population of subjects carrying the antigen. The neutralization tests have shown a high incidence (45%) of aspecific positivity between the sera proving positive at radioimmunological examination and negative at electrosyneresis. This inconvenience should be resolved by the recent introduction of a radioimmunological method which provides for use of labelled antibody of human origin.
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