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Molecular insights into a distinct class of terpenoid cyclases.
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Article Synopsis
- Terpenoid cyclases (TCs) are crucial for producing diverse natural compounds, with the BcABA3 enzyme from the fungus Botrytis cinerea representing a unique type that deviates from typical TCs.
- Crystal structures of BcABA3 and related enzymes show they have an all-α-helix fold and interact with specific substrates through a unique binding mechanism.
- Findings suggest significant potential for exploring more uncharacterized terpenoids synthesized by these enzymes, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
The direct and indirect inhibition of proinflammatory adipose tissue macrophages by acarbose in diet-induced obesity.
Cell Rep Med
December 2024
Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Acarbose plays a significant role in reducing inflammation related to obesity and insulin resistance by influencing adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs).
- Acarbose promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria that produce propionic acid, which helps inhibit the proinflammatory M1-like ATMs.
- The study shows that acarbose directly targets and inhibits these inflammatory macrophages, suggesting its potential for therapeutic use in managing obesity and insulin resistance.
Differential cortical aspartate uptake across the oestrous cycle is associated with changes in gut microbiota in Wistar-Kyoto rats.
Neurosci Lett
December 2024
Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland.
Pain and psychological stress are intricately linked, with sex differences evident in disorders associated with both systems. Glutamatergic signalling in the central nervous system is influenced by gonadal hormones via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is central in pain research. Emerging evidence supports an important role for the gut microbiota in influencing pain signalling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFpH-FISH: coupled microscale analysis of microbial identity and acid-base metabolism in complex biofilm samples.
Microbiome
December 2024
Section for Oral Ecology, Cariology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Background: Correlative structural and chemical imaging of biofilms allows for the combined analysis of microbial identity and metabolism at the microscale. Here, we developed pH-FISH, a method that combines pH ratiometry with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in structurally intact biofilms for the coupled investigation of microbial acid metabolism and biofilm composition. Careful biofilm handling and modified sample preparation procedures for FISH allowed preservation of the three-dimensional biofilm structure throughout all processing and imaging steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Gut Microbiome and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Rapid Literature Review.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are characterized by dysregulated immune responses and chronic tissue inflammation. In the setting of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and gut microorganisms have been proved to interplay, potentially influenced by dietary factors. This rapid review aimed to study the DPP4-gut microbiome link in IBD.
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