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Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with acute retrobulbar optic neuritis and abducens nerve palsy: a case report.
BMC Ophthalmol
January 2025
Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Herpes zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) affecting the ophthalmic division (V1) of the trigeminal nerve. HZO may cause extraocular muscle palsies, with the third nerve being the most commonly affected and the fourth nerve the least. The combined involvement of the optic nerve and isolated paralysis of the eye muscle is very rare, with only limited case reports documenting this complication of ocular herpes zoster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder With Unilateral Retrobulbar Neuritis: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical University of Varna, Varna, BGR.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) includes conditions with autoimmune genesis, which are manifested by attacks of optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis (TM), and also express aquaporin 4 (NMO-IgG) or myelin oligo-endocytic glycoprotein (MOGAb) antibodies. In rare cases, the disease may also have a clinical presentation with only TM, without ON or with ON, without TM. These conditions are also included in the spectrum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfective Endocarditis With Origin in Orbital Vascular Malformation and Maxillary Sinusitis: A Case Report and Review of Four Patients in the Literature.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Ochiai Hospital, Maniwa, JPN.
Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening disease and the early diagnosis is crucial for a better outcome. We report an old adult who developed infective endocarditis in association with new-onset maxillary sinusitis as well as proptosis, which was caused by an orbital mass lesion in the background of pre-existing orbital vascular malformation. A 74-year-old woman was found incidentally to have right orbital vascular (venous) malformation by head magnetic resonance imaging when she was hospitalized for left dorsal pontine infarction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrbital Lymphangioma in an Adolescent Male: A Case Report and Review of Literature.
Cureus
November 2024
Radiodiagnosis, MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy, IND.
Lymphangiomas are localized multi-cystic malformations of the lymphatic and vascular system, primarily affecting the head and neck regions in children. Orbital lymphangiomas are not considered hamartomas because the orbit does not commonly display lymphatic vessels. In this case report, we describe a male patient who was 15 years old and presented to our medical facility with the primary complaints of having a bulging left eye, sudden chemosis of the lower conjunctiva, and pain in the left eye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinsitinib inhibits IGF-1-induced cell proliferation and hyaluronic acid secretion by suppressing PI3K/Akt and ERK pathway in orbital fibroblasts from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), an autoimmune disorder of the retrobulbar tissue, is present in up to 50 percent of Graves's hyperthyroidism patients. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) has received attention as a target for the development of therapeutic agent for TAO. IGF-1R and TSHR (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor) interact with each other to form a physical or functional complex, further promoting the development of TAO.
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