The indices of local nonspecific lung protection in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cells were studied in 20 patients with acute pneumonia and 20 patients with lingering pneumonia. In acute pneumonia, the cellular and humoral links of local protection were found to have an adequate responsiveness and to preserve their protective properties during conventional therapy. In lingering pneumonia, the phagocytic and microbicidal properties of alveolar macrophages and the levels of lysozyme and sIgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage were lower. In the patients with lingering pneumonias who underwent a course of conventional therapy, these indices fail to recover to a greater extent, neutrophilic lung remained high. Correspondingly, the values of neutrophilic infiltration, macrophageal phagocytic and microbicidal activities and the levels of lysozyme and sIg-A may be serve as markers of the lingering course of acute pneumonias.
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