The genetic structure of C. dipthteriae toxigenic strains isolated in Russia during the period of more than 50 years was analysed. The use of the method of ribotyping made it possible to register 17 C. diphtheriae ribotypes. The study revealed that the genetic structure of C. diphtheriae population varied in the dynamics of the epidemic process: each epidemic cycle characterized by predominant spread of epidemic strains of definite biovars and ribotypes. Thus, C. diphtheriae strains of biovar gravis, ribotype M11, dominated in the 40-60 years and C. diphtheriae strains of biovar mitis, closely related ribotypes M1 and M1v, dominated in the 80 years. During the last epidemic rise of diphtheriae morbidity in the 90 s C. diphtheriae strains of biovar gravis, closely related ribotypes G1 and G4, dominated among circulating strains. The proportion of these ribotypes began to increase 3 years before the rise of morbidity. The data of microbiological monitoring are recommended for use in the prognostication of the development of the epidemic process of diphtheria infection.
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An Acad Bras Cienc
December 2024
Universidade CEUMA, Laboratório de Cências Biomédicas, Rua Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, 65075-120 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil (SAEO), both as its toxicity and biological activities on Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydrodistillation and verified by GC-MS. The main chemical components were eugenol (48.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxin-producing strains are the etiological agents of the severe upper respiratory disease, diphtheria. A global phylogenetic analysis revealed that biotype gravis is particularly lethal as it produces diphtheria toxin and a range of other virulence factors, particularly when it encounters low levels of iron at sites of infection. To gain insight into how it colonizes its host, we have identified iron-dependent changes in the exoproteome and surfaceome of strain 1737 using a combination of whole-cell fractionation, intact cell surface proteolysis, and quantitative proteomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ
December 2024
Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Objective: To quantify changes in inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination during a period of steadily declining overall childhood vaccination rates in England.
Design: Longitudinal study.
Setting: General practice data for five vaccines administered to children (first and second doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR1 and MMR2, respectively), rotavirus vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) booster, and six-in-one (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB) vaccine covering diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, type b, and hepatitis B) from the Cover of Vaccination Uptake Evaluated Rapidly dataset in England.
Euro Surveill
December 2024
Finnish Reference Laboratory for Diphtheria and Pertussis, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Since April 2024, a pertussis epidemic has been ongoing in Finland with 2,215 notified cases by end October. Of them, 30.1% (n = 667) were aged 10-14 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
November 2024
Division of Laboratory Animal Monitoring, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
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