Observations of comets in the 18-cm OH transitions offer a means to probe gas production, kinematics, and OH excitation in comets. We present initial results of OH observations of comet Hale-Bopp obtained with the NRAO 43 m antenna located in Greenbank, WV. Maps of the emission provide strong constraints on the amount of quenching of the inversion of the OH ground state A-doublet in the coma. Analysis of the total radio OH flux and maps of its radial brightness distribution indicate a quenched region on the order of approximately 500,000 km during March and April 1997. This large value is generally consistent with previous observations of radio OH quenching in lower production rate comets when the high production rate of comet Hale-Bopp is considered.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1006258908857 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
March 2021
Arecibo Observatory, University of Central Florida, Arecibo, PR, USA.
So far, only two interstellar objects have been observed within our Solar System. While the first one, 1I/'Oumuamua, had asteroidal characteristics, the second one, 2I/Borisov, showed clear evidence of cometary activity. We performed polarimetric observations of comet 2I/Borisov using the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope to derive the physical characteristics of its coma dust particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Genet
June 2021
Centre for Astrobiology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka; C.Y.O'Connor ERADE Village Foundation, Piara Waters, Perth, WA, Australia; Melville Analytics Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:
A range of astronomical observations are shown to be in accord with the theory of cometary panspermia. This theory posits that comets harbor a viable biological component in the form of bacteria and viruses that led to origin and evolution of life on Earth. The data includes (1) infrared, visual and ultraviolet spectra of interstellar dust, (2) infrared spectra of the dust released from comet Halley in 1986, (3) infrared spectra of comet Hale-Bopp in 1997, (4) near and mid-infrared spectra of comet Tempel I in 2005, (5) the discovery of an amino acid and degradation products attributable to biology in the material recovered from the Stardust Mission in 2009, (6) jets from comet Lovejoy showing both a sugar and Ethyl alcohol and finally, (7) a diverse set of data that has emerged from the Rosetta mission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
February 2020
German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, Germany.
Solar heating of a cometary surface provides the energy necessary to sustain gaseous activity, through which dust is removed. In this dynamical environment, both the coma and the nucleus evolve during the orbit, changing their physical and compositional properties. The environment around an active nucleus is populated by dust grains with complex and variegated shapes, lifted and diffused by gases freed from the sublimation of surface ices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpace Sci Rev
March 2018
Space Sciences Laboratory, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-7450 USA.
This review presents our understanding of cometary dust at the end of 2017. For decades, insight about the dust ejected by nuclei of comets had stemmed from remote observations from Earth or Earth's orbit, and from flybys, including the samples of dust returned to Earth for laboratory studies by the Stardust return capsule. The long-duration Rosetta mission has recently provided a huge and unique amount of data, obtained using numerous instruments, including innovative dust instruments, over a wide range of distances from the Sun and from the nucleus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrobiology
May 2013
Department of Chemistry and Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA.
We conducted a study on interstellar formamide, NH2CHO, toward star-forming regions of dense molecular clouds, using the telescopes of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The Kitt Peak 12 m antenna and the Submillimeter Telescope (SMT) were used to measure multiple rotational transitions of this molecule between 100 and 250 GHz. Four new sources of formamide were found [W51M, M17 SW, G34.
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