We evaluated the effectiveness of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) on wound contraction, both alone and in combination with collagen matrix, using an in vivo delayed wound healing type model. To clarify the mechanisms involved in the effectiveness of TGF-beta(1), we also used a fibroblast-populated collagen gel contraction in vitro model. Although we found that TGF-beta(1) significantly accelerated contraction of the fibroblast-populated collagen gel in vitro, we demonstrated that both collagen matrix alone and 1.0 microg of TGF-beta(1) alone significantly inhibited wound contraction in the in vivo model. In addition, the combination of TGF-beta(1) and collagen matrix was much more effective than TGF-beta(1) alone, a finding which was supported by histopathological examination. Wounds treated with collagen matrix containing TGF-beta(1) showed horizontal rearrangement of collagen fibers in the dermal part as well as evidence of active fibroblast proliferation, which was not observed in the scar regions of controls. These results show that the application of TGF-beta(1) treated collagen matrix is effective for preventing contraction producing so called "neodermis" in treating a delayed healing type model and may be highly beneficial for treating chronic wounds.
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