The effects of salinity, gender, and development on the acute toxicity of aldicarb were examined in the euryhaline fish, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) at 1.5 parts per thousand (per thousand) salinity were not significantly different between adults and juveniles but larvae were significantly more sensitive to aldicarb. A two-week exposure to increased salinity significantly enhanced the toxicity of 0.5 ppm aldicarb to both sexually mature male and female medaka. After 48 h of aldicarb exposure, mortality significantly increased (p < 0.05) in males from 13+/-5.7% at 1.5 per thousand, salinity to 56+/-5.7% at 20 per thousand; in females mortality significantly increased (p < 0.01) from 17+/-5.7% to 76+/-5.6%. A time-course study was conducted in which muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition was monitored after exposure to aldicarb. In general, AChE in females was inhibited to a greater degree at 12.0 and 20.0 per thousand salinity regimens than AChE in males. Muscle AChE in females residing at 20.0 per thousand was inhibited 93+/-3.3% by 8 h of exposure to 0.95 ppm aldicarb, whereas in males the maximum inhibition was 80+/-7.4% after 8 h of exposure to 0.86 ppm aldicarb at 20 per thousand salinity. These results indicate that environmental factors, such as salinity, in addition to gender and development, have significant impacts on the acute toxicity of aldicarb to Japanese medaka.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Effects of chronic insecticide exposure on neuronal network development in vitro in rat cortical cultures.
Arch Toxicol
November 2024
Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, NL-3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Developmental exposure to carbamates, organophosphates, and pyrethroids has been associated with impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes. Sex-specific differences following chronic insecticide exposure are rather common in vivo. Therefore, we assessed the chronic effects of in vitro exposure to different carbamates (carbaryl, methomyl and aldicarb), organophosphates [chlorpyrifos (CPF), chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), and 3,5,6,trichloropyridinol (TCP)], and pyrethroids [permethrin, alpha-cypermethrin and 3-phenoxy benzoic acid (3-PBA)] on neuronal network development in sex-separated rat primary cortical cultures using micro-electrode array (MEA) recordings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe novel hydrolase IpcH initiates the degradation of isoprocarb in a newly isolated strain Rhodococcus sp. D-6.
J Hazard Mater
September 2024
Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Isoprocarb (IPC) is a type of insecticide that can harm the environment and non-target organisms, but its breakdown process hasn't been studied until now.
- Researchers isolated a new strain called D-6 from the Rhodococcus genus, which can degrade IPC, and identified a unique enzyme, IpcH, responsible for breaking down IPC into a less harmful compound, 2-isopropylphenol (IPP).
- The study highlights IpcH's effectiveness against various carbamate insecticides and suggests that strain D-6 could be useful for cleaning up IPC-contaminated environments by reducing its toxicity.
Effects of acute insecticide exposure on neuronal activity in vitro in rat cortical cultures.
Neurotoxicology
May 2024
Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands.. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Pesticides, including carbamates, organophosphates, organochlorines, and pyrethroids, are linked to health issues like neurotoxicity, with some studies indicating these effects can vary by sex.
- In experiments using female and male rat cortical cultures, specific pesticides were found to impact neuronal network function differently, suggesting carbaryl and organophosphates like CPF and CPO reduce neuronal activity, with CPO being the most impactful.
- The study highlights that certain pesticides can lead to increased or decreased neuronal activity, and that females may be more sensitive to specific compounds like endosulfan, demonstrating the importance of considering sex in neurotoxicity research.
Aldicarb disturbed bile acid, steroid hormone and oxylipin homeostasis in C57BL/6 J mice.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
April 2024
School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China. Electronic address:
Mounting evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays a key role in human health. The homeostasis of the gut microbiota could be affected by many factors, including environmental chemicals. Aldicarb is a carbamate insecticide used to control a variety of insects and nematode pests in agriculture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotoxic pesticides change respiratory parameters in early gill-breathing, but not in skin-breathing life-stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Aquat Toxicol
February 2024
Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, D-69210, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
Neurotoxic compounds can interfere with active gill ventilation in fish, which might lead to premature death in adult fish, but not in skin-breathing embryos of zebrafish, since these exclusively rely on passive diffusion across the skin. Regarding lethality, this respiratory failure syndrome (RFS) has been discussed as one of the main reasons for the higher sensitivity of adult fish in the acute fish toxicity test (AFT), if compared to embryos in the fish embryo toxicity test (FET). To further elucidate the relationship between the onset of gill respiration and death by a neurotoxic mode of action, a comparative study into oxygen consumption (MO), breathing frequency (f) and amplitude (f) was performed with 4 d old skin-breathing and 12 d old early gill-breathing zebrafish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!