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Tau, tau kinases, and tauopathies: An updated overview.
Biofactors
June 2023
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Tau is a macrotubule-associated protein primarily involved in the stabilization of the cytoskeleton. Under normal conditions, phosphorylation reduces the affinity of tau for tubulin, allowing the protein to detach from microtubules and ensuring the system dynamics in neuronal cells. However, hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates into paired helical filaments, the main constituents of neurofibrillary tangles found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdaptive optics imaging of the outer retinal tubules in Bietti's crystalline dystrophy.
Eye (Lond)
May 2016
Department of Imaging, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
PurposeTo study the outer retinal tubules using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and adaptive optics and in patients with Bietti's crystalline dystrophy.MethodsTen eyes of five subjects from five independent families with Bietti's crystalline Dystrophy (BCD) were characterized with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), full-field electroretinography, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF). High-resolution images were obtained with the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTomographic reconstruction reveals the morphology of a unique cellular organelle, the aggregated macrotubules (Macrotubuli aggregati) of human retinal horizontal cells.
Tissue Cell
April 2015
Institute of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom; Institute of Zoology, University of Mainz, Becherweg 12, 55099 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address:
Horizontal cells of the human retina contain unique tubular organelles that have a diameter which is about 10 times larger than that of microtubules (~230 nm). These macrotubuli in most cases form regular aggregates. Therefore we propose to introduce them as Macrotubuli aggregati in the Terminologia histologica.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltered patterns of tubulin polymerization in dividing leaf cells of Chlorophyton comosum after a hyperosmotic treatment.
New Phytol
February 2001
Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany, University of Athens, Athens 157 84, Greece.
• Microtubule organization and tubulin polymerization in meristematic leaf cells of Chlorophyton comosum treated with an aqueous solution of 1 M mannitol, inducing plasmolysis, were examined with immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. • Hyperosmotic treatment induced disintegration of the interphase microtubule systems. Free tubulin, either liberated from the depolymerized microtubules or pre-existing as a nonassembled pool, was incorporated into a network of paracrystals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTubulin assembly in the presence of calcium ions and taxol: microtubule bundling and formation of macrotubule-ring complexes.
Cell Motil Cytoskeleton
March 1997
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Research Group of Electron Microscopy and Molecular Cytology, Jena, Germany.
It has been confirmed that taxol is able to prevent Ca(2+)-induced inhibition of microtubule formation from tubulin in the presence of microtubule-associated proteins. However, by means of electron microscopy and scanning force microscopy it could be demonstrated that assembly in the presence of Ca2+ and taxol leads to structural aberrations. The kind of aberration depends on the order of addition of taxol and Ca2+ to tubulin.
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