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We treated a case of thyroid cancer manifesting as a mediastinal mass, completely resecting it without difficulty despite a vascular anomaly. An asymptomatic 42-year-old woman was admitted with a mediastinal mass. Ten years earlier, she had undergone surgery for a thyroid tumor diagnosed as follicular adenoma. She also had an aberrent subclavian artery anomaly with a non-recurrent laryngeal nerve, radiographically recognized preoperatively. The mediastinal mass was completely resected through median sternotomy. Pathological examination showed the previous thyroid tumor had been follicular carcinoma, and that the mass was a mediastinal-node metastasis from the thyroid cancer. Preoperative recognition of the vascular anomaly was helpful in completing resection, in addition to safe, quick surgical procedures.
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