A total of 11 Vibrio cholerae isolates from 1996-1998 outbreaks in Malaysia and 4 V. alginolyticus were analyzed. Isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern hybridization for the presence of the gene encoding zonula occludens toxin (zot). Screening of zot gene by PCR revealed the presence of this gene in V. cholerae and V. alginolyticus. The zot gene from one V. cholerae Ogawa isolate that was cloned in a pCR 2.1 TOPO vector was sequenced. The sequences obtained were 99% homologous to the zot gene sequence from the Gene Bank.
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Article Synopsis
- Recent studies focus on the zonula occludens toxin (Zot) from a non-toxigenic strain PMC53.7, which affects the actin cytoskeleton in Caco-2 cells and is identified as a virulence factor.
- Universal primers were developed to examine the presence of Zot in 390 environmental isolates from Chile and Italy, along with 95 clinical isolates, highlighting its link to other virulence factors like hemolysins.
- Findings showed significant prevalence of Zot in Chilean environmental strains (37.2%) compared to Italian strains (25.9%) and clinical isolates (24.2%), indicating potential risks for infections linked to bivalve consumption.
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