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Delayed diagnosis of multiple myeloma in a young patient: a call for vigilance in diagnosis.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Internal Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Multiple myeloma is a rare haematologic malignancy, representing about 1-2% of all cancers and 17% of haematologic malignancies in the US, predominantly affecting older adults and more common in African Americans (AAs) and men. Light-chain multiple myeloma, a subtype accounting for 15% of multiple myeloma cases, often has a more aggressive clinical course. This case report discusses a rare case of an AA female in her early 30s, diagnosed with light-chain multiple myeloma following a pathological rib fracture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of HIV on B Cell Compartment and Its Implications for COVID-19 Vaccinations in People with HIV.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
HIV causes intense polyclonal activation of B cells, resulting in increased numbers of spontaneously antibody-secreting cells in the circulation and hypergammaglobulinemia. It is accompanied by significant perturbations in various B cell subsets, such as increased frequencies of immature/transitional B cells, activated memory B cells, atypical memory B cells, short-lived plasmablasts and regulatory B cells, as well as by decreased frequencies of resting memory and resting naïve B cells. Furthermore, both memory and antigen-inexperienced naïve B cells show exhausted and immune-senescent phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is the most common malignant brain tumor in infants, and more than 60% of children with ATRT die from their tumor. ATRT is associated with mutational inactivation/deletion of , a member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, suggesting that epigenetic events play a critical role in tumor development and progression. Moreover, disruption of SWI/SNF allows unopposed activity of epigenetic repressors, which contribute to tumorigenicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCelecoxib paradoxically induces COX-2 expression and astrocyte activation through the ERK/JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway in the cerebral cortex of rats.
Neurochem Int
December 2024
Master and PhD Programs in Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Previous studies have shown that celecoxib or NSAID may paradoxically induce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and trigger inflammation-like responses in airway smooth muscle cells and renal mesangial cells. Despite the extensive research on celecoxib, its atypical biological effect on the induction of COX-2 in astroglial cells within the central nervous system (CNS) remains unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the impact of celecoxib on COX-2 and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) expression and explored the mechanisms underlying celecoxib-regulated COX-2 expression in cortical astrocytes of rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients: a case series from Sri Lanka.
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
National Cancer Institute, Maharagama, Sri Lanka.
Background: Mucormycosis, is a rare yet potentially life-threatening fungal infection common in immunocompromised patients. Despite optimal care, mucormycosis in haemato-oncological patients often results in poor outcomes. This case series details the presentations and unique challenges faced during the management of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who developed rhino-cerebral mucormycosis.
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