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Favorable inhibitory effect of clodronate on hepatic steatosis in short bowel syndrome model rats.
Pediatr Surg Int
November 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- This study looked at how clodronate, which affects vesicular nucleotide transport, impacts liver inflammation linked to intestinal failure in rats with short bowel syndrome.
- The researchers used a rat model that involved feeding them through a vein and surgically removing most of their small intestine, then giving them different doses of clodronate.
- Results showed that high doses of clodronate reduced liver fat and inflammation in the rats, suggesting potential benefits for patients with similar conditions related to intestinal failure.
Intraduodenal fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates gut atrophy and cholestasis in a novel parenteral nutrition piglet model.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a lifesaving IV feeding method but can cause serious side effects like gut microbial changes and liver injury.
- A study involving 31 piglets tested the effects of transferring fecal microbiota from healthy pigs to those on TPN, with various groups including a control, TPN alone, TPN with antibiotics, and TPN with fecal transplant.
- The results showed that fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) helped prevent gut atrophy, liver injury, and harmful microbial changes seen in TPN, suggesting that gut microbes could be critical for developing new treatments.
Recurrent central venous catheter infection in a five year old child on long term parenteral nutrition for short gut syndrome: could gut translocation be responsible?
Med Mycol Case Rep
September 2024
Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Rd, Adelaide, 5006, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- A five-year-old girl with short gut syndrome and long-term TPN dependence experienced two non-fatal central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) over a span of 15 months, with no signs of ongoing mold infections in between the episodes.
- Both infections were managed by removing the infected central venous catheter and administering 6 weeks of antifungal treatment, leading to positive clinical outcomes.
- This case highlights the unique aspects of recurrent blood culture positive mucormycosis, suggesting that the bloodstream infections may behave differently compared to invasive mucormycosis from other fungal species.
Effects of Total Parenteral Nutrition on Serum Osmolality and Patent Ductus Arteriosus.
Cureus
July 2024
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa, JPN.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and serum osmolality in preterm infants, focusing on whether higher osmolality increases the risk of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
- It compares medical records of preterm infants born before and after TPN implementation, examining serum osmolality changes and PDA incidence over the first five days of life.
- Findings indicate that higher serum osmolality is associated with a higher incidence of PDA, particularly linked to serum sodium levels and the timing after birth.
Successful Multidisciplinary Treatment of Small Bowel Obstruction With an Ileal Stricture Resulting in Bowel Perforation in the Setting of Multidrug-Resistant Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis: A Case Report.
Cureus
July 2024
Hospital Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, USA.
We present the case of a male in his 40s who recently emigrated from Russia and was actively undergoing treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with the BPaL-M (bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, moxifloxacin, and pyridoxine) regimen who presented to the emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain, vomiting, and no bowel movements. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a small bowel obstruction (SBO) from ileal stricture consistent with gastrointestinal (GI) TB. He did not require an emergent surgical intervention and was managed conservatively via bowel rest and initiation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
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