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The interplay of uncertainty, relevance and learning influences auditory categorization.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Auditory perception requires categorizing sound sequences, such as speech or music, into classes, such as syllables or notes. Auditory categorization depends not only on the acoustic waveform, but also on variability and uncertainty in how the listener perceives the sound - including sensory and stimulus uncertainty, the listener's estimated relevance of the particular sound to the task, and their ability to learn the past statistics of the acoustic environment. Whereas these factors have been studied in isolation, whether and how these factors interact to shape categorization remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of behind-the-ear vs. off-the-ear speech processors in cochlear implants: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Background: Cochlear implants (CI) with off-the-ear (OTE) and behind-the-ear (BTE) speech processors differ in user experience and audiological performance, impacting speech perception, comfort, and satisfaction.
Objectives: This systematic review explores audiological outcomes (speech perception in quiet and noise) and non-audiological factors (device handling, comfort, cosmetics, overall satisfaction) of OTE and BTE speech processors in CI recipients.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA-S guidelines, examining Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses.
Prior research has indicated musicians show an auditory processing advantage in phonemic processing of language. The aim of the current study was to elucidate when in the auditory cortical processing stream this advantage emerges in a cocktail-party-like environment. Participants (n = 34) were aged 18-35 years and deemed to be either a musician (10+-year experience) or nonmusician (no formal training).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccuracy and variability in clinical predictions of speech recognition outcomes for cochlear implant users.
Int J Audiol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Objectives: An improvement in speech perception is a major well-documented benefit of cochlear implantation (CI), which is commonly discussed with CI candidates to set expectations. However, a large variability exists in speech perception outcomes. We evaluated the accuracy of clinical predictions of post-CI speech perception scores.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatural language processing-based classification of early Alzheimer's disease from connected speech.
Alzheimers Dement
January 2025
Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Introduction: The automated analysis of connected speech using natural language processing (NLP) emerges as a possible biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unclear which types of connected speech are most sensitive and specific for the detection of AD.
Methods: We applied a language model to automatically transcribed connected speech from 114 Flemish-speaking individuals to first distinguish early AD patients from amyloid negative cognitively unimpaired (CU) and then amyloid negative from amyloid positive CU individuals using five different types of connected speech.
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