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Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer, with adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa carrying a disproportionately high burden of infection. Hormonal contraceptives may influence HPV acquisition, persistence, and clearance, but evidence remains inconclusive. This sub-study aimed to evaluate the impact of different hormonal contraceptives on HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in AGYW.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Immunocytochemistry Method to Investigate the Translationally Active HIV Reservoir.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to suppress HIV replication, HIV persists in a long-lived reservoir that can give rise to rebounding viremia upon cART cessation. The translationally active reservoir consists of HIV-infected cells that continue to produce viral proteins even in the presence of cART. These active reservoir cells are implicated in the resultant viremia upon cART cessation and likely contribute to chronic immune activation in people living with HIV (PLWH) on cART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of fertility desire-based service on HIV seroconversion among serodiscordant partners: A 12-year retrospective cohort study.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: Fertility desire-based service guided by behavioral theory is a potential strategy to mitigate the HIV transmission risk, while related evidence remains scarce. We examined the long-term effect of theory-guided fertility desire-based services on HIV seroconversion between seropositive/seronegative partners in areas with high HIV prevalence and a cultural emphasis on fertility in China.
Methods: We established a retrospective cohort by recruiting 8,653 seropositive partners with seronegative partners between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2020, in Liangshan, China.
Assessing whether providing regular, free HIV self-testing kits reduces the time to HIV diagnosis: an internet-based, randomised controlled trial in men who have sex with men.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
November 2024
Institute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK.
Background: The risk of onwards HIV transmission is strongly influenced by the interval between HIV infection and its diagnosis. The SELPHI trial examined whether this interval could be reduced by offering free HIV self-testing kits to men-who-have-sex with-men (MSM).
Setting: Internet-based RCT of MSM aged ≥16 years, resident in England/Wales, recruited via sexual and social networking sites.
Clinicoepidemiology and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C: Evaluating HCV Core Antigen Assay as a Diagnostic Tool in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India.
Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Introduction: One of the main causes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis is the hepatitis C virus (HCV), with significant variability in its genotypes affecting pathogenicity and treatment outcomes. In India, prevalence ranges from 0.5 to 1.
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