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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.18.3.233 | DOI Listing |
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Aldosterone and Potassium in Heart Failure: Overcoming This Major Impediment in Clinical Practice.
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Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, MS, US.
Aldosterone is a key regulator of fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. It is often dysregulated in heart failure (HF) and is a key driver of cardiac remodelling and worse clinical outcomes. Potassium regulation is essential for normal cardiac, gastrointestinal and neuromuscular function.
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Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital Saket, New Delhi, India.
Heart failure (HF) is a major contributor to hospitalisations and accounts for 7% of cardiovascular-related deaths, with patients who have chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes at heightened risk. Existing treatment guidelines inadequately address these comorbidities. Steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are commonly used in HF with reduced ejection fraction but pose risks, such as hyperkalaemia and acute kidney injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of cation-exchange resins in hyperkalemia management.
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Head of Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
Hyperkalemia, characterized by elevated serum potassium levels, poses significant health risks, including life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. The management of hyperkalemia has evolved, incorporating calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS) and newer agents such as sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) and patiromer alongside traditional treatments. This review provides a comprehensive examination of current management strategies for hyperkalemia, focusing on the comparative effectiveness, safety profiles, and patient preferences concerning CPS, SZC, and patiromer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats.
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Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
This review explores the therapeutic potential of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in addressing electrolyte imbalances, specifically hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia, and hyperlithemia. In hyperkalemia, BPC 157 demonstrated a comprehensive counteractive effect against KCl overdose (intraperitoneally, intragastrically, and in vitro), effectively mitigating symptoms such as muscular weakness, hypertension, sphincter dysfunction, arrhythmias, and lethality. It also counteracted the adverse effects of succinylcholine and magnesium overdose, including systemic muscle paralysis, arrhythmias, and hyperkalemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent Advances and Perspectives on the Use of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review.
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Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern around the world. It is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and, as it progresses, the risk of cardiovascular events increases. Furthermore, end-stage kidney disease severely affects life expectancy and quality of life.
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