The GM2 gangliosidoses are a group of recessive disorders characterized by accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in neuronal cells. The genes responsible for these disorders are HEXA (Tay-Sachs disease and variants), HEXB (Sandhoff disease and variants), and GM2A (AB variant of GM2 gangliosidosis). We report the establishment of three relational locus-specific databases recording allelic variation at the HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A genes and accessed at the GM2 gangliosidoses home page (http://data.mch.mcgill.ca/gm2-gangliosidoses). Submission forms are available for the addition of new mutations to the databases. The databases are available online for users to search and retrieve information about specific alleles by a number of fields describing mutations, phenotypes, or author(s).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00125817-200011000-00003 | DOI Listing |
Cells
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK.
Sandhoff disease (SD) is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder characterized by GM2 ganglioside accumulation as a result of mutations in the gene, which encodes the β-subunit of the enzyme β-hexosaminidase. Lysosomal storage of GM2 triggers inflammation in the CNS and periphery. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an important coordinator of pro-inflammatory responses, and we have investigated its regulation in murine SD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA, United States of America.
The GM2 gangliosidoses, Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease, are devastating neurodegenerative disorders caused by β-hexosaminidase A (HexA) deficiency. In the Sandhoff disease mouse model, rescue potential was severely reduced when HexA was introduced after disease onset. Here, we assess the effect of recombinant HexA and HexD3, a newly engineered mimetic of HexA optimized for the treatment of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
January 2025
Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Sandhoff disease, a lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by pathogenic variants in the HEXB gene, resulting in the loss of β-hexosaminidase activity and accumulation of sphingolipids including GM2 ganglioside. This accumulation occurs primarily in neurons, and leads to progressive neurodegeneration through a largely unknown process. Lysosomal storage diseases often exhibit dysfunctional mTOR signaling, a pathway crucial for proper neuronal development and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Genet Metab
January 2025
Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, United States of America; Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, United States of America. Electronic address:
Though it has no catalytic activity toward GM2 ganglioside, the GM2 activator protein (GM2A) is essential for ganglioside hydrolysis by facilitating the action of lysosomal ß-N-acetylhexosaminidase. GM2A deficiency results in death in early childhood due to rapid central nervous system deterioration similar to the related GM2 gangliosidoses, Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. This manuscript further characterizes a feline model of GM2A deficiency with a focus on clinical and biochemical parameters that may be useful as benchmarks for translational therapeutic research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrphanet J Rare Dis
December 2024
Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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