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Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease: Immune Insights, Therapeutic Advances, and Parallels for Solid Organ Transplantation.
Transplantation
December 2024
Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA.
Chronic graft-versus-host disease remains a frequent and morbid outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, in which the donor-derived immune system attacks healthy recipient tissue. Preceding tissue damage mediated by chemoradiotherapy and alloreactive T cells compromise central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms, leading to aberrant donor T cell and germinal center B cell differentiation, culminating in pathogenic macrophage infiltration and differentiation in a target tissue, with ensuant fibrosis. This process results in a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality, frequently requiring prolonged therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current state of tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Colorado Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Significant advancements have been made in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA); however, like solid organ transplantation, bypassing the recipient's immune response remains a significant obstacle to long-term allograft survival. Therefore, strategies to overcome acute and chronic rejection and minimize immunosuppressive therapy are crucial for the future of VCA. This review highlights recent attempts to induce tolerance in VCA and discusses key findings through a clinical lens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal models for transplant immunology: bridging bench to bedside.
Clin Transplant Res
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
The progress of transplantation has been propelled forward by animal experiments. Animal models have not only provided opportunities to understand complex immune mechanisms in transplantation but also served as a platform to assess therapeutic interventions. While small animals have been instrumental in uncovering new therapeutic concepts related to immunosuppression and immune tolerance, the progression to human trials has largely been driven by studies in large animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunology demystified: A guide for transplant hepatologists.
World J Transplant
March 2024
Department of Physiology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
Liver transplantation has become standard practice for treating end-stage liver disease. The success of the procedure relies on effective immunosuppressive medications to control the host's immune response. Despite the liver's inherent capacity to foster tolerance, the early post-transplant period is marked by significant immune reactivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney transplantation: The journey across a century.
Med J Armed Forces India
September 2023
Professor (Medicine) & Nephrologist, INHS Kalyani, Visakhapatnam, India.
The Journey of kidney transplantation began a century ago with animal experiments and xenotransplants. The initial attempts of human to human kidney transplant were made by Yuri Voronoy, Jean Hamburger and several others between 1930 and 40s, but most of these were unsuccessful. The first successful live related kidney transplant between identical twins was performed at the Brigham Hospital in Boston in December 1953, by Joseph Murray and John P.
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